Ports and Protocols Flashcards
Port
Logical communication endpoint that exists on a computer or server
Inbound Port
Logical communication opening on a server that is listening for a connection with a client. I.e Port 443
Outbound Port
Logical communication opening created on a client in order to call a server that is listening for a connection.
Open a random high port, I.e. 51233, and send request to web server (port 443)
Connect over secure shell protocol (ssh)
Port # Range
0 - 65,535
Well Known Ports
0 - 1023 are WKPs and are assigned by the Internet Assigned Number Authority (IANA)
IANA
Internet Assigned Number Authority
Registered Ports
1024 - 49,151 are usually assigned to proprietary protocols for vendor use. Registered with IANA.
Dynamic and Private Ports
49,152 - 65,535 can be used by an application wi the out being registered with IANA.
Used in gaming, instant messaging, and chats for connection
Protocol
Defined set of rules governing device communication and data exchange
FTP
File Transfer Protocol
TCP
Port 21
Used to transfer files from host to host
SSH
Port 22
TCP
Provides secure remote terminal access and file transfer capabilities
SCP
Port 22
TCP
Provides secure copy function
SFTP
Port 22
TCP
Provides secure file transfers
Telnet
Port 23
TCP
Provides insecure remote control of another machine using a text-based environment
SMTP
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
Port 25
TCP
Provides ability to send emails over network
DNS
Domain Name System
Port 53
TCP, UDP
Translates domain names to IP addresses
TFTP
Trivial File Transfer Protocol
Port 69
UDP
Used as a lightweight file transfer method for sending configuration files or network booting of an operating system
HTTP
Hypertext Transfer Protocol
Port 80
TCP
Used for insecure web browsing
Kerberos
Port 88
UDP
Network authentication protocol
POP 3
Post Office Protocol Version 3
Port 110
TCP responsible for retrieving emails from a server
NNTP
Network News Transfer Protocol
port 119
TCP
Used for accessing news groups
RPC
Remote Procedure Call
Port 135
TCP/UDP
Facilitates communication between different system processes
NetBIOS
Ports 137, 138, 139
TCP, UDO
Networking protocol suite
IMAP
Internet Message Access Protocol
Port 143
TCP
Allows access to email messages on a server
IMAP
Internet Message Access Protocol
Port 143
TCP
Allows access to email messages on a server
TCP
Transmission Control Protocol
- Requires established connection before transmitting data
- can sequence data (send in specific order)
- Data retransmission - can retransmit if packets fail to arrive
-guaranteed deliver
-thorough error checking guarantees data arrives in its intended stay
-broadcasting not supported
-slow, but complete deliver
UDP
User Datagram Protocol
-No connection needed to start and end a data transfer
- cannot sequence or arrange data
- no data retransmitting, lost data cannot be received
- delivery not guaranteed
- minimal error-checking covers the basics but may not prevent all errors
-broadcasting is supported
-speed is fast, but at risk of incomplete data delivery
SNMP
Simple Network Management Protocol
Port 162
UDP
Managed network devices
SNMP Trap
Port 162
UDP
Responsible for sending SNMP trap messages
LDAP
Lightweight Directory Access Protocol
port 388
Facilitates directory services
HTTPS
HTTP Secure (HTTPS)
Port 443
Provides secure web communication
SMB
Server Message Block
Port 445
Used for file and printer sharing over a network
SMTPS
Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Secure
Port 465 587
TCP
Provides secure SMTP communication
Use SSL, TLS, or TCP connection
Syslog
Port 514
UDP
Used for sending log messages
LDAPS
LDAP Secure
Port 636
TCP
LDAP communication over SSL/TLS
IMAPS
Internet Message Access Protocol over SSL or TLS
Port 993
TCP
Used for secure email retrieval
POP3S
Post Office Protocol Version 3 over SSL/TLS
Port 995
TCP
Used for secure email retrieval
Microsoft SQL
Port 1433
TCP
Used to facilitate communication with Microsoft SQL server
RADIUS TCP
Ports 1645 and 1646
TCP
Used for remote authentication, authorization, and accounting
RADIUS UDP
Ports 1812 and 1813
UDP
Used for authentication and accounting as defined by Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF)
RDP
Remote Desktop Protocol
port 3389
TCP
Enables Remote Desktop access
Syslog TLS
Port 6514
TCP
Used in secure Syslog that uses SSL/TLS to encrypt the IP packets using a certificate before sending them across the IP network to the Syslog collector
TLS
Transport Layer Security
Encrypts all data sent over the TCP connection
Encryption is performed at the TCP socket layer, not at the application layer.
