Ports and Protocols

Question 1

FTP, File Transfer Protocol

Answer 1

• Port 20, 21
• Transfers computer files between a client and server on a computer network.
• Unsecure method.
• Data transferred in the clear.

Question 2

SSH, Secure Shell

Answer 2

• Port 22
• Secure Remote Access.
• Cryptographic network protocol for operating network services securely over an unsecured network.
• Best known for remote login to computer systems by users.

Question 3

SFTP, SSH File Transfer Protocol

Answer 3

• Port 22
• Secure File Transfer.
• Provides file access, file transfer, and file management over any reliable data stream.

Question 4

Telnet

Answer 4

• Port 23
• Unsecure Remote Access.
• Provides bidirectional interactive text-oriented communication facility using a virtual terminal connection.
• Like SSH but insecure.

Question 5

SMTP, Simple Mail Transfer Protocol

Answer 5

• Port 25
• Sending Emails.
• Internet standard for sending electronic mail.

Question 6

DNS, Domain Name Service

Answer 6

• Port 53
• Hierarchical decentralized naming system for computers, services, or other resources connected to the Internet or a private network.

Question 7

DHCP, Dynamic Host Control

Answer 7

• Port 67, 68
• DHCP server dynamically assigns an IP address and other network configuration parameters to a client.
• Reduces burden on network administrators.

Question 8

TFTP, Trivial File Transfer

Answer 8

• Port 69
• Trivial File Transfer.
• Transmits files in both directions of a client-server application.
• Used for booting an operating system from a local area network file server.
• Doesn’t provide user authentication or directory visibility.
• Essentially a stripped-down version of FTP.

Question 9

HTTP, Hypertext Transfer

Answer 9

• Port 80
• Web Browsing.
• Foundation of data communication for WWW.
• Designed for distributed, collaborative, and hypermedia presentation across many devices.

Question 10

POP3, Post Office Protocol v3

Answer 10

• Port 110
• Receiving Emails.
• Used by local email clients to retrieve email from a remote server over TCP/IP connection.

Question 11

NTP, Network Time Protocol

Answer 11

• Port 123
• Network Time.
• Provides clock synchronization between computer systems over packet-switched, variable-latency data networks.

Question 12

NetBIOS

Answer 12

• Port 139
• Windows File Sharing.
• Network Basic Input/Output System.
• Provides services allowing applications on separate computers to communicate over a local area network for file and printer sharing.

Question 13

IMAP, Internet Message Access Protocol

Answer 13

• Port 143
• Receiving Emails.
• Provides e-mail clients to retrieve e-mail messages from a mail server over a TCP/IP connection.
• Allows the end user to view and manipulate the messages as if they’re stored locally.

Question 14

SNMP, Simple Network Management

Answer 14

• Port 161
• Network Management.
• Provides collection and organization of information about managed devices on IP networks.
• Can modify that information to change device behavior, commonly used in network devices.

Question 15

LDAP, Lightweight Directory Access

Answer 15

• Port 389
• Directory Services.
• LDAP and Active Directory use this port.
• Open, vendor-neutral, industry standard for accessing and maintaining distributed directory information services.

Question 16

HTTPS, HTTP Secure

Answer 16

• Port 443
• Secure Web Browsing.
• Foundation of ecommerce on WWW.
• Designed for adding security to the insecure HTTP protocol.

Question 17

SMB, Server Message Block

Answer 17

• Port 445
• Windows File Sharing.
• Provides shared access to files, printers, and miscellaneous communications between devices on a network.

Question 18

Syslog, System Logging Protocol

Answer 18

• Port 514
• System Logging.
• Used to send logging data back to a centralized server.

Question 19

SMTP TLS, Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Transport Layer Security

Answer 19

• Port 587
• Secure Sending of Emails.
• Secure and encrypted way to send emails.

Question 20

LDAPS, LDAP Secure

Answer 20

• Port 636
• Secure Directory Services.
• Provides secure directory services for LDAP.

Question 21

IMAP over SSL, Internet Message Access Protocol over SSL

Answer 21

• Port 993
• Secure Receiving of Emails.
• Secure and encrypted way to receive emails.

Question 22

POP3 over SSL, Post Office Protocol Version 3 over SSL

Answer 22

• Port 995
• Secure Receiving of Emails.
• Secure and encrypted way to receive emails.

Question 23

SQL, Structured Query Language Server Protocol

Answer 23

• Port 1433
• Database Communication.
• Used for communication from a client to the database engine.

Question 24

SQLnet Protocol

Answer 24

• Port 1521
• Oracle DB Communication.
• Used for communication from a client to an Oracle database.

Question 25

MySQL

Answer 25

• Port 3306
• MySQL DB Communication.
• Used for communication from a client to the MySQL database engine.

Question 26

RDP, Remote Desktop Protocol

Answer 26

• Port 3389
• Remote Desktop.
• Proprietary protocol developed by Microsoft.
• Provides a user with a graphical interface to connect to another computer over a network connection.
• User employs RDP client software for this purpose and the other computer must run RDP server software.

Question 27

SIP, Session Initiation Protocol

Answer 27

• Port 5060, 5061
• VoIP and Video Calls.
• Provides signaling and controlling multimedia communciation sessions in applications.
• Used for Internet telephony for voice and video calls, VOIP, and instant messaging.