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PORTS AND HARBOR > PORTS AND HARBOR > Flashcards

PORTS AND HARBOR Flashcards

1
Q

Harbors can be broadly classified as

I. Natural harbors
II. Semi-natural harbors
III. Artificial harbors
IV. Commercial harbors

A. I, II, and III only
B. I, III, and IV only
C. II, III, and IV only
D. All of the above

A

A

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2
Q

A port is a harbor in which terminal facilities are provided. The different types of ports are as follows:

I. Ocean port
II. Inland port
III. Entry port
IV. Free port

A. I, II, and III only
B. I, III, and IV only
C. II, III, and IV only
D. All of the above

A

D

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3
Q

The harbor entrance should, if possible, be located on the ___ of the harbor

A. Windward End
B. Outer End
C. Lee Side
D. Inner End

A

C

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4
Q

Generally the width of the harbor entrance should be

A. 30 m
B. between 0.7 - 1 times the length of the design ship
C. between 2 - 6 times the beam of the design ship
D. 50 m

A

B

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5
Q

The maximum current velocity through the harbor entrance should not exceed

A. 2.5 m/s or 4 knots
B. 1.5 m/s or 3 knots
C. 3 m/s or 5 knots
D. 1 m/s or 1.5 knots

A

B

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6
Q

The stopping distance of a ship will depend on factors such as ship speed, the displacement and shape of the hull, and horsepower ratio. The stopping distance of a loaded ship

A. 100 m
B. 150 m
C. 10 to 12 times the ship’s length
D. 7 to 8 times the ship’s length

A

D

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7
Q

When more than one ship has to be accommodated along the berth, a clearance length of ___ should be provided between the adjacent ships

A. 20 m
B. 40 m
C. 60 m
D. 0.1 times the length of the largest ship

A

D

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8
Q

For a single-berth pier, the clear water area between two piers should be ___ to allow for tugboat assistance

A. 2 times the beam of the largest ship plus 30 m
B. 2 times the beam of the largest ship plus 50 m
C. 200 m
D. 2 times the length of the ship plus 30 m

A

A

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9
Q

For harbor basins, the width required to permit a ship to swing freely into a berth is ___ for berths at 45 degrees

A. 1.5 times the length of the ship
B. 2 times the length of the ship
C. 8 times the beam of the ship plus 30 m
D. 6 times the beam of the ship plus 180 m

A

A

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10
Q

For harbor basins, the width required to permit a ship to swing freely into a berth is ___ for berths at 90 degrees

A. 1.5 times the length of the ship
B. 2 times the length of the ship
C. 8 times the beam of the ship plus 30 m
D. 6 times the beam of the ship plus 180 m

A

B

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11
Q

The safety distance between two moored tankers or moored tanker and a passing ship, will depend upon the overall layout of the harbor, the number of tugboats assisting in the berthing or unberthing operation, the environmental conditions and the population of in the area. The safety distance between a moored oil tanker and a passing ship shall be

A. from 30 - 50 m
B. from 50- 150 m
C. from 150 - 200 m
D. from 50 - 100 m

A

B

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12
Q

The size of water area for anchorages will; therefore primarily depend on the number, type, and size of ships, which require protection and the type of mooring system available. The water depth at an anchoring area should preferably not exceed approximately ___ due to the length of the anchor chain of the ship. The bottom condition must not be too hard, otherwise the anchor will be dragged along the bottom and not dig into the sea bottom

A. 30 - 50 m
B. 50 - 60 m
C. 25 - 50 m
D. 60 - 80 m

A

B

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13
Q

Waves continue to grow after they reach a velocity equal to ___ but at a decreasing rate. Energy losses from friction, transfer of energy into currents and the development of white caps means the wave will not grow until the wave speed reaches the wind speed. The wind speed is 146 kph.

A. 36.5
B. 48.67
C. 32.6
D. 46.87

A

B

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14
Q

The ratio of the wave length to its height for ocean waves is between

A. 9 and 15
B. 17 and 33
C. 12 and 18
D. 20 and 34

A

B

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15
Q

A very long standing wave on a large but limited body of water generally occurring when a storm dies down after producing a wind tide

A. Seiche
B. Shoal
C. Ebb
D. Skewd

A

A

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16
Q

Waves generated by storms, which occur outside area of observation

A. Swells
B. Shoal
C. Skewd
D. Ebb

A

A

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17
Q

An instrument used to measure the intensity of wind

A. Buchanan’s scale
B. Fiboracci scale
C. Beuforts scale
D. Antwerp scale

A

C

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18
Q

A wave generated in deep water, when reaching shoaling waters, changes not only in its height but also in its length but the period will ___

A. remain constant
B. increase
C. decrease
D. none of the above

A

A

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19
Q

An open water of navigable depth is called

A. Shoal
B. Skewd
C. Significant depth
D. Fairway

A

D

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20
Q

Waves are formed by the frictional drag of wind across the water surface. This is a process by transferring energy from the wind to water. Water particles are moved from their position by the wind, and then returned to the original position by gravity, which is a restoring force. These waves are called

A. Deep water waves
B. Significant waves
C. Gravity waves
D. Equivalent depth water waves

A

C

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21
Q

The pressure against a vertical wall due to waves

A. Wave decay
B. Dynamic pressure
C. Rankines active pressure
D. Claptosis

A

D

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22
Q

A change in the dissection of travel of the wave with change in depth of water which distributes wave energy along the seashore unevenly is called

A. Wave refraction
B. Wave diffraction
C. Wave reflection
D. Wave frequency

A

A

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23
Q

Waves generated by wind that are acting on the sea surface bordering on the port side

A. Wind waves
B. ocean waves
C. Breaking waves
D. Depth water wave

A

A

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24
Q

Wind generated waves which are created in the deep ocean at some distance from the port site and the wind that created them may be too distant to be felt in the port or may have stopped blowing or changed, its direction by the time the wave reach the port

A. Swell waves
B. Seiching waves
C. Breaking waves
D. Wakes

A

A

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25
Q

Waves of this type have very long periods, typically from 30 sec up to the tidal period of 12h 25 mins and are mostly found in enclosed or semi-enclosed basins such as artificial port basins or bays

A. Swell waves
B. Seiching waves
C. Breaking waves
D. Wakes

A

B

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26
Q

Waves created by large, sudden impacts, such as earthquakes, volcanoes or landslides that ends up in the ocean

A. Storm surge
B. Swell waves
C. Tsunamis
D. Claptosis

A

C

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27
Q

Waves in which the ratio of water depth to the wave length is greater than 0.5

A. Intermediate water waves
B. Breaking waves
C. Shallow-water waves
D. Deep water waves

A

D

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28
Q

Waves in which the ratio of water depth to the wave length is less than 0.5 but greater than 0.4

A. Intermediate water waves
B. Breaking waves
C. Shallow-water waves
D. Deep water waves

A

A

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29
Q

Waves in which the ratio of water depth to the wave length is equal to or less than 0.4

A. Intermediate water waves
B. Breaking waves
C. Shallow-water waves
D. Significant waves

A

C

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30
Q

Waves which fall forward since the forward velocity of the crest particles exceeds the velocity of propagation of the wave itself. In deep water, this normally occurs when the wave length L is less than 7 times the wave height (L < 7H) and in shallow water when the depth d is approximately equal to 1.25H (where H is the wave height)

A. Intermediate water waves
B. Breaking waves
C. Shallow-water waves
D. Significant waves

A

B

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31
Q

The distance that the wind blows over the sea in generating the waves

A. Claptosis
B. Wakes
C. Seiche
D. Fetch

A

D

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32
Q

The ratio of the wave height to its wave length

A. Wave period
B. Wave propagation
C. Slope
D. Steepness

A

D

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33
Q

The arithmetic mean value for the highest, one-third of the waves for a stated interval

A. Average wave height
B. Critical wave height
C. Significant wave height
D. Intermediate wave height

A

C

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34
Q

An abnormal rise of the sea level that occurs when a typhoon passes by. This rise above normal level on this open coast is due to atmospheric pressure reduction as well a s due to wind stress

A. Hurricane
B. Tsunamis
C. Storm Surge
D. Tornado

A

C

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35
Q

Water with an extremely long period that mainly occur when there is a sudden large scale sea floor movements associated severe, shallow focus earthquake

A. Significant waves
B. Tsunamis
C. Storm surge
D. Deep water waves

A

B

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36
Q

The falling tide

A. Ebb tide
B. Flood tide
C. Neap tide
D. All of the above

A

A

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37
Q

The horizontal extension of the generating area in the direction of the wind

A. Trough
B. Shoal
C. Seiche
D. Fetch

A

D

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38
Q

The difference in height between the mean higher high water and the mean lower low water

A. Diurnal range
B. Mean sea level
C. Mean range
D. Residual water level

A

A

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39
Q

The highest tides which occur at intervals of half a lunar month

A. Spring tides
B. Semi-lunar tides
C. Semi-diurnal tides
D. Ebb tides

A

A

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40
Q

The datum line for design of port facilities in accordance with charts, which is being used by the Phil. Ports Authority (PPA)

A. MLLW
B. LWL
C. RWL
D. HWL

A

A

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41
Q

The type of tide which will occur at or near the time when the moon is new or full that is when the sun, moon and earth fall in line and the tide generating forces of the moon and sun are additive

A. Spring tides
B. Lunar tides
C. Diurnal tides
D. Ebb tides

A

A

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42
Q

The PPA (Phil Ports Authority) requires that water kevel that guarantees about water depth for safety of the ships berthing on a certain ports and harbor, below the mean lower low water should be equal to

A. 0.15 - 0.30 m
B. 0.12 - 0.40 m
C. 0.15 - 0.40 m
D. 0.12 - 0.50 m

A

C

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43
Q

When the lines connecting the earth with the sun and the moon form a right angle, that is the moon is in her quarters, then the actions of the moon and sun are subtractive, and the lowest tides of the month occur

A. Neap tide
B. Lunar tide
C. Diurnal tide
D. Ebb tide

A

A

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44
Q

Owing to retardation of the tidal wave in the ocean by frictional force, as the earth revolves daily around its axis and as the tide tends to follow the direction of the moon, the highest tide for each location is not coincident with conjunction and opposition but occurs at some constant which may amount to as much as two and a half days is known as

A. Diurnal tide
B. Lunar tide
C. Age of the tide
D. Semi-diurnal tide

A

C

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45
Q

Generally, the average interval between successive high tides, which is half the time between successive passages of the moon across a given meridian

A. 12h and 15 mins
B. 11h and 45 mins
C. 12h
D. 12h and 25 mins

A

D

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46
Q

In many parts of the world, the high waters reach their greatest height and the low waters at the least height, soon after the time of full and new moon. These tides are called

A. Spring tides
B. Flood tides
C. Neap tides
D. Ebb tides

A

A

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47
Q

The difference in height between high water and low water at a tidal station

A. Diurnal range
B. Tidal range
C. Mean range
D. Extreme range

A

B

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48
Q

When the daily high waters are usually at their least height and the daily low waters their greatest height soon after the moon is in quandrature. These tides are called

A. Neap tides
B. Spring tides
C. Flood tides
D. Ebb tides

A

A

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49
Q

Waves formed by moving ship or boats

A. Wakes
B. Swell
C. Breaking waves
D. Seiching

A

A

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50
Q

Waves formed by earthquake disturbances

A. Storm surge
B. Breaking waves
C. Tsunamis
D. Wakes

A

C

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51
Q

Waves formed by gravitational attraction of the moon and sun

A. Seiching
B. Swell
C. Wakes
D. Tides

A

D

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52
Q

The spread of energy along a wave crest

A. Refraction
B. Reflection
C. Shoaling
D. Diffraction

A

D

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53
Q

The bending of waves as they slow down

A. Refraction
B. Reflection
C. Shoaling
D. Diffraction

A

A

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54
Q

Waves under the influence of the winds that generated them

A. Wakes
B. Sea
C. Swell
D. Seiching

A

B

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55
Q

Waves that have propagated beyond the initial winds that generated them

A. Wakes
B. Shoal
C. Swell
D. Seiche

A

C

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56
Q

The distance that a wind blows across the water

A. Off-shore
B. Shoal
C. On-shore
D. Fetch

A

D

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57
Q

The time that a wind blows across the water

A. Diffraction
B. Refraction
C. Period
D. Duration

A

D

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58
Q

The average of the highest one-third of the waves

A. Average wave height
B. Critical wave height
C. Significant wave height
D. Intermediate wave height

A

C

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59
Q

The highest tide which occurs at intervals of half a lunar month when the sun, moon, and earth fall in line

A. Spring tides
B. Neap tides
C. Flood tides
D. Ebb tides

A

A

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60
Q

The lowest tide of the month when the lines connecting the earth with the sun and the moon form a right triangle, that is then the moon is in its quarters are called

A. Neap tides
B. Spring tides
C. Diurnal tides
D. Semi-diurnal tides

A

A

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61
Q

Tides that occur twice its lunar day

A. Neap tides
B. Ebb tides
C. Diurnal tides
D. Semi-diurnal tides

A

D

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62
Q

High crested waves caused by the rush of flood tide up a river or by meeting of tides are called

A. Storm surge
B. Tidal bored
C. Swells
D. Shoal

A

B

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63
Q

The circulation of masses of air more or less parallel to the earth’s surface

A. Monsoon
B. Wind
C. Wind pressure
D. Breeze

A

B

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64
Q

Prevailing winds which are seasonal blowing in one direction over part of the tear and in the opposite direction the remainder of the year

A. Monsoon
B. Winds in inter-tropical zone
C. Windward side
D. Leeward side

A

C

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65
Q

The opposite side of a structure facing the direction from which the wind comes

A. Forward side
B. Backward side
C. Windward side
D. Leeward side

A

D

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66
Q

The side of a structure facing the direction from which the wind comes

A. Forward side
B. Backward side
C. Windward side
D. Leeward side

A

C

67
Q

The graphical representation of the direction, frequency and intensity of winds at a particular location over a period of time

A. Tropical wind gauge
B. Wind intensity gauge
C. Wind rose
D. Wind index

A

C

68
Q

A scale used to measure the intensity and force of wind

A. Beaufort’s Scale
B. Antwerp Scale
C. Richter Scale
D. Buchanan’s Scale

A

A

69
Q

The periodic rise and fall of the ocean waters produced by the attraction of the moon and sun

A. Ebb
B. Wave
C. Wake
D. Tides

A

D

70
Q

Tides which occurs only one high tide a day

A. Neap tides
B. Spring tides
C. Diurnal tides
D. Semi-diurnal tides

A

C

71
Q

If one of the two daily tide is incomplete, that is it does not reach the height of the previous tide, then the tides are referred to as

A. Neap tides
B. Mixed diurnal tides
C. Diurnal tides
D. Semi-diurnal tides

A

B

72
Q

The highest tides in the world where a rise of 100 ft has been recorded occur in ____

A. Bay of Funday
B. Miami, Florida
C. San Francisco Bay
D. Venice, Italy

A

A

73
Q

The average of the high water over a 19-year period

A. Mean higher water
B. Higher high water
C. Highest high water
D. Mean high water

A

D

74
Q

The average height of the higher high waters over a 19-year period

A. Mean higher high water
B. Higher high water
C. Highest high water
D. Mean high water

A

A

75
Q

Average of the low water over a 19-year period

A. Lowest low water
B. Lower low water
C. Mean low water
D. Mean lower low water

A

C

76
Q

The higher of the two high waters of any diurnal tide day

A. Mean higher high water
B. higher high water
C. Highest high water
D. Mean high water

A

B

77
Q

The lower of the two low waters of any diurnal tide day

A. Lowest low water
B. Lower lo water
C. Mean low water
D. Mean lower low water

A

B

78
Q

The average height of the lower low waters over a 19-year period

A. Lowest low water
B. Lower low water
C. Mean low water
D. Mean lower low water

A

D

79
Q

The highest height of water of spring tides

A. Mean higher high water
B. Higher high water
C. Highest high water
D. Mean high water

A

C

80
Q

The lowest height of water of spring tides

A. Lowest low water
B. Lower low water
C. Mean low water
D. Mean lower low water

A

A

81
Q

The height of the mean high water above mean low water

A. Mean higher high water
B. Higher high water
C. Mean range
D. Mean high water

A

C

82
Q

The mean of the height of mean high water above the mean low water is

A. Mean sea level
B. Mean lower low water
C. Mean range
D. Mean high water

A

A

83
Q

The difference in height between the mean higher high water and the mean lower low water

A. Mean sea level
B. Mean lower low water
C. Mean range
D. Diurnal range

A

D

84
Q

Regular occurrence at certain locations are high crested single or solitary type of wave caused by the rush of flood tide up in the river or by the meeting of tides as in the Bay of Funday, where the highest tide of 100 ft is recorded in the world is referred to as:

A. Shallow water wave
B. Deep water wave
C. Solitary wave
D. Tidal wave

A

D

85
Q

A wave at a point where the water depth is equal to 1/2 of the wavelength or greater to be expressed in terms of the parameters of significant wave

A. Deep water wave
B. Equivalent depth water wave height
C. Highest wave
D. Significant wave

A

A

86
Q

A hypothetical wave having a wave height and period equal respectively to average values of the wave height and period of the largest 1/3 of all waves in the train as counted in the order of greater wave height

A. Deep water wave
B. Equivalent depth water wave height
C. Highest wave
D. Significant wave

A

D

87
Q

A maximum wave height and wave period of the maximum wave height is wave train

A. Deep water wave
B. Equivalent depth water wave height
C. Highest wave
D. Significant wave

A

C

88
Q

Waves which occur in water having a depth less than one half of the wave length and the influence of the bottom changes the form or orbital motion from circular to elliptical or near-elliptical

A. Shallow water wave
B. Deep water wave
C. Significant wave
D. Highest wave

A

A

89
Q

Waves break under the following conditions

I. When the forward velocity of the crest particles exceeds the velocity of the propagation of the wave itself
II. When the wave height exceeds 1/7 of the wave length in deep water
III. When the wave reaches shallow water where the depth is equal to about one and one quarter to its height

A. I only
B. II only
C. III only
D. All of the above

A

D

90
Q

The length between two consecutive crests

A. Wave speed
B. Wave length
C. Wave amplitude
D. Frequency

A

B

91
Q

The height between the trough and the crest of a wave

A. Period
B. Oscillation
C. Amplitude
D. Frequency

A

C

92
Q

The wave form travels over the water surface and the time for two consecutive crests to pass a point

A. Wave period
B. oscillation
C. Amplitude
D. Frequency

A

A

93
Q

The speed of the wave form which travels over the water surface for a certain wave period

A. Steepness of wave
B. Velocity of wave propagation
C. Instantaneous velocity
D. Average velocity of wave

A

B

94
Q

The water level that guarantees about 98% of tide is safe to ships seems to be suitable from the expression of the technical resolution of the International Water Wave Congress. Such water level, which is 0.15m - 0.4m below MLLW should be used for design of ports

A. Design Low Tide (DLT)
B. Low Water Level (LWL)
C. Residual Water Level (RWL)
D. high Water Level (HWL)

A

A

95
Q

Residual water level (RWL) for gravity type is expressed as

A. 1/3(HWL-LWL) + LWL
B. 2/3(HWL-LWL) + LWL
C. 1/3(HWL-LWL)
D. 2/3(HWL-LWL)

A

A

96
Q

Residual water level (RWL) for sheet pile type is expressed as

A. 1/3(HWL-LWL) + LWL
B. 2/3(HWL-LWL) + LWL
C. 1/3(HWL-LWL)
D. 2/3(HWL-LWL)

A

B

97
Q

Shape of the wave and wave speeds are governed by the displacement of water particles and the functions of the following variables

I. Wave length
II. Water depth
III. Wave motion
IV. Wave shoals

A. I and II only
B. I, II, and III only
C. III and IV only
D. All of the above

A

A

98
Q

The elevation of the crest above the trough of the wave

A. Wave length
B. Wave shoals
C. Wave period
D. Wave height

A

D

99
Q

The interval of time for two wave crests to pass the same position in space

A. 2 sec
B. 3 sec
C. period
D. frequency

A

C

100
Q

Large waves (long period) can be generated only when the fetch (distance over which the wind blows) is large. Waves continue to grow after they reach a velocity of ___ of the wind speed, but at a decreasing rate

A. 2/3
B. 1/3
C. 1/2
D. 3/4

A

B

101
Q

The flow of energy along the wave crest in a direction at right angles to the direction of wave travel

A. Reflection
B. Deflection
C. Refraction
D. Diffraction

A

D

102
Q

A type of wave where the depth is less than 1/2 of wave length but greater than 1/25 of the wave length

A. Transitional water wave
B. Shallow water wave
C. High water wave
D. Deep water wave

A

A

103
Q

A type of wave where the depth is less than 1/25 of wave length

A. Transitional water wave
B. Shallow water wave
C. High water wave
D. Deep water wave

A

B

104
Q

Highest point of the wave

A. Wave crest
B. Wave trough
C. Wave height
D. Wave length

A

A

105
Q

lowest point of the wave

A. Wave crest
B. Wave trough
C. Wave height
D. Wave length

A

B

106
Q

The distance between the highest point and the lowest point of the wave

A. Wave crest
B. Wave trough
C. Wave height
D. Wave length

A

C

107
Q

The vertical distance of the wave crest and the wave trough

A. Wave crest
B. Wave trough
C. Wave height
D. Wave length

A

C

108
Q

The average height of the sea for all stages of the tide obtained from systematic observations of sea level at equal intervals over a long period of time along a given coastline

A. Mean sea level
B. Mean low water
C. Mean lower low water
D. Mean ocean level

A

A

109
Q

The process of widening, enlarging, cleaning, or deepening of channels in harbors, rivers and canals to maintain the idea depth of berthing areas due to fast siltation rate is known as

A. Disiltation
B. Meandering
C. Dredging
D. Excavation

A

C

110
Q

The periodic rise and fall of sea level in response to the gravitational attraction of the sun and moon as modified by the earth’s rotation

A. Rotational tide
B. Storm surge
C. Gravitational side
D. Astronomical side

A

D

111
Q

A phenomenon involving abnormal oscillations of the water level with a period of approximately a few minutes to a few tens of minutes. It occurs when small fluctuations of the water level are generated by micro scale variations of the atmospheric pressure by an air front or a low pressure in the outer sea and the components of those oscillations whose period is the same as a natural period of the harbor are simplified through resonance

A. Seiche
B. Storm surge
C. Tsunami
D. Astronomical tide

A

A

112
Q

The flow of seawater in the horizontal direction that accompanies a tidal variation of sea level and is thus periodic

A. Seiche
B. Storm surge
C. Tsunami
D. Tidal wave

A

A

113
Q

The time of rotation of the earth with respect to the moon and the planets, which is approximately 24 hours and 50 minutes

A. Highest astronomical tide
B. Lowest astronomical tide
C. Astronomical tidal day
D. Ebb tidal day

A

C

114
Q

The chart datum for harbor works

A. Lowest observed water level
B. Lowest astronomical tide
C. Mean tidal-high water level
D. Mean tidal-low water level

A

B

115
Q

The rise of sea level sure to the greenhouse effect between years 2000 and 2050 is assumed to be about

A. 0.25 - 0.3m
B. 0.12 - 0.2m
C. 0.06 - 0.2m
D. 0.16 - 0.25m

A

A

116
Q

The rise and fall of the water level due to change in the atmospheric pressure is approximately equal to

A. 0.9 cm rise or fall of the water level for 1m bar fall or rise in atmospheric pressure
B. 0.30 cm rise or fall of the water level for 1m bar fall or rise in atmospheric pressure
C. 0.25 cm rise or fall of the water level for 1m bar fall or rise in atmospheric pressure
D. 0.6 cm rise or fall of the water level for 1m bar fall or rise in atmospheric pressure

A

A

117
Q

Wind generated waves but are created in the deep ocean at some distance from the port site and the wind that created them may be too distance to be felt in the port and may have changed its direction by the time the weaves reach the port

A. Long waves
B. Wind waves
C. Seiching
D. Swell

A

D

118
Q

Waves, which have a very long period typically from 30 sec up to the tidal period of 12h and 24 mins and are mostly found in enclosed or semi-0enclosed basins such as bays or port basins

A. Ocean waves
B. Seiching
C. Swell waves
D. Wind waves

A

B

119
Q

The regular periodic rise and fall of the surface of the seas, observable along their shores

A. Wave
B. Tide
C. Period of wave
D. Current

A

B

120
Q

The average height of all low waters at any place over a sufficiently extended period of time

A. Spring range
B. Diurnal range
C. Extreme range
D. Mean low water

A

D

121
Q

The tidal current setting into the bays and estuaries along the coast

A. Ebb current
B. Lunitidal current
C. Flood current
D. Slack water current

A

C

122
Q

The return current toward the sea

A. Ebb current
B. Lunitidal current
C. Flood current
D. Slack water current

A

A

123
Q

The period during which the current is negligible while it is changing directions is ___. It is the period during which the current is less than 1/10 pf a know or less than 0.169 fps.

A. Turn of the current
B. Spring water
C. Diurnal time
D. Slack water

A

D

124
Q

The average time interval, in solar hours and minutes from a lunar transit to the next succeeding high water at a given place as determined by an extended set of observations

A. High water lunitidal interval of the place
B. Upper meridian transit
C. Higher high water interval
D. Higher water slack

A

A

125
Q

The maximum height reached by each rising tide

A. Trough
B. Ebb
C. High water
D. Crest

A

C

126
Q

The maximum depression of the falling tide

A. Trough
B. Low water
C. Neap
D. Ebb

A

B

127
Q

The straight-line stretch of open water available for wave growth without the interruption of land

A. Fetch
B. Wave length
C. Neap
D. Ebb

A

A

128
Q

The interval of time between successive crests of the water waves passing a stationary point of reference

A. Amplitude
B. High-water lunitidal interval
C. Wave period
D. Lunitidal period

A

C

129
Q

A hypothetical wave height of deep-water wave corrected for the effects of submarine topographic changes such as refraction and diffraction of wave but excluding wave shoaling and breaking to be expressed in the significant wave height

A. Deep-water wave
B. Equivalent deep-water wave
C. Highest wave
D. Significant wave

A

B

130
Q

The maximum value of significant wave height during a certain period

A. Max wave height
B. Highest wave height
C. H1/10 significant wave height
D. H1/3

A

A

131
Q

The size of waves resulting from the energy transfer is governed by the following factors

I. Velocity of the wind
II. Fetch or distance over which the wind blows
III. Duration of time that the wind blows
IV. Frequency of wave action

A. I, II, and III only
B. I, II, and IV only
C. II, III, and IV only
D. All of the above

A

A

132
Q

Waves continue to grow after they reach a velocity equal to ___ of the wind speed but at a decreasing rate. Energy losses from friction, transfer of energy into currents and the development of white caps means the wave will not grow until the wave speed reaches the wind speed

A. 2/3
B. 1/3
C. 1/2
D. 3/4

A

B

133
Q

When waves enter a shallow water

I. Wave speed decreases
II. Wave length decreases
III. Wave speed increases
IV. Wave height increases
V. Wave length increases
VI. Wave period does not change

A. I, II, IV, and VI only
B. III, IV, V, and VI only
C. I, II, and IV only
D. II, III, and VI only

A

A

134
Q

Give the different types of breaking waves

I. Spilling breaker
II. Plunging breaker
III. Heaving breaker
IV. Collapsing breaker
V. Pitching breaker
VI. Surging breaker

A. I, II, III, and IV only
B. II, IV, V, and VI only
C. I, II, IV, and VI only
D. III, V, and VI only

A

C

135
Q

A term used to describe a marine structure for the mooring or tying up of vessels, for loading and unloading cargo or for embarking and disembarking passengers.

A. Dock
B. Pier
C. Wharf
D. All of the above

A

D

136
Q

A dock which is parallel to the shore which can be used for docking on one side only

A. Bulkhead
B. Pier
C. Wharf
D. Jetty

A

C

137
Q

A dock which projects into the water, which may be used on docking for both sides

A. Bulkhead
B. Pier
C. Whard
D. Breakwater

A

B

138
Q

An artificial basin for vessels when the basin is pumped out

A. Dry dock
B. Wet dock
C. Quay
D. Jetty

A

A

139
Q

A dock which is similar to a wharf and often referred to as such, is backup by ground as it derives its name from the very nature or supporting ground in the back of it

A. Bulkhead
B. Groin
C. Jetty
D. Breakwater

A

B

140
Q

Marine structures for mooring vehicles

A. Dolphins
B. Groin
C. Jetty
D. Breakwater

A

A

141
Q

Type of dolphins which are designed to take the impact of the ship when docking and to hold the ship against a broadside wind. Therefore, they are provided with fenders to absorb the impact of the ship and to protect the dolphin and the ship from damage

A. Breasting dolphins
B. Mooring dolphins
C. Fixed mooring berth
D. Bollards

A

A

142
Q

Type of dolphins which are not designed for the impact of the ship, as they located in back of the face of the dock where they will not be hit. They are located about 45 degrees off the bow and stern

A. Breasting dolphins
B. Mooring dolphins
C. Fixed mooring berth
D. Bollards

A

B

143
Q

A marine structure consisting of dolphins for tying up the ship and a platform for supporting the cargo handling equipment

A. Breasting dolphins
B. Mooring dolphins
C. Fixed mooring berth
D. Bollards

A

C

144
Q

A breakwater is a structure constructed for the purpose of forming an artificial harbor with a water area so protected from the effect of sea waves as to provide safe accommodations for shipping. When a breakwater supports a roadway, this is called:

A. Quay
B. Pier
C. Mole
D. Jetty

A

C

145
Q

The mooring fitting for mooring ships during a storm installed at the outside or outside/inside of the berth far from the water line

A. Bitt
B. Bollard
C. Cleat
D. Closed chock

A

B

146
Q

The mooring fitting for mooring ships during a storm installed close to the water line of the berth

A. Bitt
B. Bollard
C. Cleat
D. Closed chock

A

A

147
Q

The physical configurations of the seabed, the measurements of depths of water in the ocean, etc, and also information derived from such measurement

A. Bathymetry
B. Dolphin
C. Hydrology
D. Fathomology

A

A

148
Q

A vertical post to which the eye of a mooring line can be attached

A. Bollard
B. Dolphin
C. Gravity Wall
D. Tetrapods

A

A

149
Q

A shore protection structure usually built perpendicular to the coastline to retard littoral transport of sedimentary materials

A. Groin
B. Bulkhead
C. Breakwater
D. Jetty

A

A

150
Q

A berth structure which projects out into the water from the shore, or a berth structure at some distance from the shoreline

A. Groin
B. Bulkhead
C. Breakwater
D. Jetty

A

D

151
Q

A berth structure projecting out from the shoreline

A. Groin
B. Wharf
C. Breakwater
D. Pier

A

D

152
Q

A berth structure with no direct connection to the shore, at which the ships can berth. Berthing can take place on either one or both sides of the structure

A. Sea island
B. Relieving platform
C. Breakwater
D. Revelment

A

A

153
Q

A platforn or deck structure built below the top deck level and supported on bearing piles. The main function of the platform is to reduce the lateral soil pressure over the upper portion of the sheet wall

A. Sea wall
B. Quay
C. Relieving platform
D. Revelment

A

C

154
Q

The movement in the horizontal plane of a ship moving forward or backward at sea under the impact of current, waves, and wind gusts moving

A. Pitch
B. Surge
C. Sway
D. Yaw

A

B

155
Q

The movement in the horizontal plane of a ship which tends to rotate the ship about its vertical axis due to impact of current, waves and wind gusts

A. Pitch
B. Surge
C. Sway
D. Yaw

A

D

156
Q

The movement in the vertical plane of a ship, which tends to move it up and down due to impact of current, waves, and wind gusts

A. Pitch
B. Surge
C. Heave
D. Roll

A

C

157
Q

The movement in the vertical plane of a ship, which tends to rotate the ship about its transverse axis due to the impact of current, waves, and wind gusts

A. Pitch
B. Surge
C. Heave
D. Roll

A

A

158
Q

The motion, which cause the ship to rotate about the vertical axis of the boat, which is caused by seawater waves

A. Yawing
B. Pitching
C. Surging
D. Heaving

A

A

159
Q

The horizontal motion of the ship along its longitudinal axis caused by seawater waves

A. Yawing
B. Pitching
C. Surging
D. Heaving

A

C

160
Q

The vertical motion of the ship up and down caused by seawater waves

A. Yawing
B. Pitching
C. Surging
D. Heaving

A

D

161
Q

The motion of the ship, which tends to rotate the ship about its longitudinal axis due to seawater waves

A. Yawing
B. Pitching
C. Rolling
D. Heaving

A

C

162
Q

The motion of the ship, which tends to rotate the ship about its traverse axis caused by seawater waves

A. Yawing
B. Pitching
C. Rolling
D. Heaving

A

B

163
Q

The motion of the ship, which tends to move horizontally on its sides caused by seawater waves

A. Yawing
B. Pitching
C. Swaying
D. Heaving

A

C

PORTS AND HARBOR (1 decks)

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