Porifera-Sponge Flashcards
Budding
Asexual reproduction in which a part of the parent organism pinches off and forms a new organism.
Collar cell
Holds the flagella to create a current of water through the sponge.
Filter feeder
Organism that filters food out of the water
Flagella
long whip-like structure that moves water
Gametes
Male and female reproductive cells
Hermaphrodite
Organism that has both male and female reproductive cells
Holdfast
Attaches the sponge to the ground
Osculum
An opening in a sponge’s body through which water exits
Sessile
An organism that does not move. It remains attached to one place.
Spawning
The release of male or female gametes into the water
Spicules
Tiny needle like structures made of glass or spongin that give the sponge support
Spongin
Flexible protein material that make up the skeleton of the sponges.
What do sponges not have?
Sponges lack true tissues. They don’t have any muscles, nerves, or internal organs.
What do moving water currents do for sponges?
Moving water currents carry food and oxygen to sponges and take away the sponges’ waste products.
Can sponges make their own food?
No
Do adult sponges stay in one place?
Yes
What are the steps that water takes when it enters the sponge?
1) The water enters the small pores throughout the sponge’s body.
2) The water flows into a central cavity.
3) Water leaves the sponge through the osculum (a large opening)
What do collar cells have and do?
Collar cells have whiplike structures that beat back and forth to move water through the sponge. Collar cells strain food from the water.
What are the soft bodies of sponges supported by?
A network of spikes
How do sponges feed?
Sponges feed by straining food particles from water.
Diffusion
When molecules of a substance move from an area in which they are highly concentrated to an area in which they are less concentrated.
Why are sponges animals?
They must take in food and they are multicellular.
