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Virology > Porcine viruses (lecture 6) > Flashcards

Porcine viruses (lecture 6) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four viral causes of swine enteritis

A
  1. rotavirus
  2. transmissible gastroenteric virus
  3. porcine epidemic diarrhea virus
  4. delta coronavirus
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2
Q

sudden outbreaks of scour involving large numbers of litters with acute diarrhea and high mortality suggest

A

transmissible gastroenteritis, porcine epidemic diarrhea, and delta corona virus associated diarrhea

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3
Q

what would you suspect is the cause of diarrhea that comes in waves in individual litters within the second half of lactation

A

rotavirus

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4
Q

PED and TGEV are _____ viruses

A

corona

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5
Q

describe the mortality of PED in regards to piglet age

A

suckling piglet- 100%
piglets older than 10 days- 10%
adults and fattening pigs- less than 5%

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6
Q

describe clinical manifestations of PED

A

diarrhea, vomiting, dehydration, metabolic acidosis

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7
Q

what is the incubation period of PED

A

3-4 days

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8
Q

how do you dx PED

A

fresh sample (feces, oral fluids, serum) then ID the agent via RT-PCR, ELISA, virus isolation (difficult)
or serological test- ELISA, immunofluorescence

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9
Q

how long will maternal immunity last in protection against PED

A

4-13 days

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10
Q

Swine delta coronavirus has ____ mortality rates in nursing pigs compared to PED

A

lower

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11
Q

when do outbreaks of SDCV occur

A

at 3-5weeks of age

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12
Q

how is TGEV related to PRCoV

A

TGEV is PRCov with the deletion of 225 aa in spike protein

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13
Q

what are some clinical signs of TGE

A

vomiting, profuse watery yellow diarrhea, rapid weight loss and dehydration

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14
Q

what day of gestation will infection of porcine parvovirus not result in fetal death

A

after day 70 fetus is immunologically competent

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15
Q

what material would you send to lab to test for PPV

A

fetal parts and mummified fetus

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16
Q

list the manifestation of parvoviral disease in cats

A

panleukopenia, enteritis, cerebella hypoplasia, abortion, fetal death, mummification, infertility

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17
Q

list the manifestation of parvoviral disease in dogs

A

lymphopenia, enteritis, neonatal myocarditis

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18
Q

list the manifestation of parvoviral disease in pigs

A

still birth, abortion, fetal death, mummification, infertility

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19
Q

list the manifestation of parvoviral disease in cows

A

enteritis, fetal death, infertility

20
Q

the porcine respiratory disease complex consists of

A

stress factors + viruses + bacteria

21
Q

what are the viruses that contribute to the PRDC

A

pseudorabies virus (PRV)
porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus (PRRSV)
Swine influeza virus (SIV)
Porcine respiratory corona virus (PRCV)
Porcine circo virus (PCV-2

22
Q

Aujeszy disease virus is also called

A

suid herpesvirus / pseudorabies

23
Q

how is suid herpesvirus spread

A

nose to nose, sexual, inhalation of droplets/ aerosolized particles, contaminated objects can spread the virus

24
Q

what are the 4 steps of pathogenesis of suid herpesvirus in the natural host

A
  1. primary replication in the resp tract
  2. entry into the pns neurons and establishment of latency in trigeminal ganglion
  3. replication in the lymph nodes and viremia
  4. secondary replication in the placenta
25
Q

dog sitting and posterior paralysis is seen in young piglets due to which virus

A

suid herpes virus

26
Q

what are the clinical signs of suid herpes virus in older piglets

A

fever, LOA, vomiting and neural signs (twitching, falling, convulsions, paralysis)

27
Q

what are the clinical signs of suid in weaner pigs and grower/ finisher pigs

A

respiratory signs (coughing, sneezing, laboured breathing)

28
Q

what are the clinical sings of suid in adult pigs

A

mild or not there, gilts and sows may have reproductive issues

29
Q

what gross lesions would you expect to see in a piglet with suid

A

lung edema with hemorrhages, stomach hemorrhages, hyperemia and necrosis in the tonsils, leptomeningeal hyperemia

30
Q

what is the pathogenesis of suid herpes virus in non natural hosts

A
  1. primary replication in the resp tract
  2. entry into the pns neurons and productive replication in the trigeminal ganglia
31
Q

suid causes what in non natural hosts? how?

A

neuropathic itch “mad itch”. the viruses replication in the pns neurons leads to synaptic transmission of neuro inflammatory signals to the brain and central inhibition of itch pathways is non function meaning the itch sensation cannot be stopped

32
Q

what is the incubation period for PRV/SHV? when can the virus be isolated? when will antibodies be detectable?

A

2-5 days
8-25days
6-10 days

33
Q

what family does swine influenza belong to

A

orthomyxoviridae

34
Q

name the hosts of influenza A,B,C,D

A

A; animals and humans
B; only humans but serological evidence in pigs
C; humans, maybe seals and pigs
D; primary host is cattle, but other animals as well, humans are seropositive

35
Q

what are the clinical signs of swine influenza

A

coughing, nasal discharge, elevated temp, LOA

36
Q

how do you dx SIV

A

nasal/ tonsil swabs RT-PCR, ELISA, Haemaggultination

37
Q

what clinical signs do you see with Porcine circovirus type 2-si

A

lack of clinical signs with minimal histo lesions, but may see inclusion bodies in lymphoid tissue

38
Q

what clinical signs do you see in PCV-2SD

A

weight loss and pale skin, moderate to severe lymphocyte depletion with granulomatous inflammation, high amounts of PCV-2 in lymphoid tissues

39
Q

PCV2 reproductive disease causes what clinical signs

A

abortions or mummification, fibrous to necrotizing myocarditis of fetuses with moderate to high amounts of PCV-2 in the heart

40
Q

Porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome caused by PCVD causes

A

dark red papules and macules on skin mainly on the hind end and limbs, swollen pale kidneys, necrotizing vasculitis and necrotizing fibrinous glomerulonephritis

41
Q

how do you arrive to a PCV2 dx

A

clinical hx or herd, post mortem findings, immunohistochemity for virus on lymphatic tissue, PCR, qPCR

42
Q

porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus causes

A

porcine epidemic abortaion and respiratory syndrome, mystery disease, blue ear disease, atypical PRRSV, swine infertility respiratory syndrome

43
Q

PRRS pathogenesis

A

targets macrophages and has primary sites in the lungs and lymphoid tissues with many other organs like kidney spleen heart thymus repro tract….

44
Q

where is PRRSV found in chronic phase

A

peripheral lymph nodes and tonsils

45
Q

clinical signs of PRRSV

A

Reproductive issues, respiratory disease

46
Q

how can we control PRRSV

A

herd immunity via vxs, prevent introduction of new strains via animal semen fomite vector and aerosol contact, to be prrsv free depopulation and repopulation wtih regular serological resting

Virology (4 decks)

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