Populations in Ecosystems - Population Growth, Succession

Question 1

in what type of environment can few species successfully adapt?

Answer 1

harsh

Question 2

in what type of environment can many species successfully adapt?

Answer 2

mild

Question 3

what factors govern survivl in a harsh environment?

Answer 3

abiotic

Question 4

what factors govern survival in mild environments?

Answer 4

biotic

Question 5

what type of population growth curve do insect pests often have?

Answer 5

J-shaped (boom and bust)

Question 6

biotic potential

Answer 6

max. population size in ideal conditions

Question 7

carrying capacity

Answer 7

max. population size the environment can sustain

Question 8

environmental resiistance

Answer 8

any factor that limits population growth (biotic or abiotic)

Question 9

give 3 examples of environmental resistance

Answer 9

1. competition
2. predation
3. disease
4. drought

Question 10

community

Answer 10

all populations of different species all iving in the same space at the same time

Question 11

population

Answer 11

Number of all individuals in a species living in the same place at the same time

Question 12

ecosystem

Answer 12

the community of populations and the abiotic factors of the environment interacting together

Question 13

habitat

Answer 13

the place where an organism lives

Question 14

interspecific competition

Answer 14

b/w ndividuals of different species

Question 15

intraspecific competition

Answer 15

b/w individuals of the same species

Question 16

niche

Answer 16

the role an organism plays in its environment

Question 17

fundamental niche

Answer 17

the role an organism could play

Question 18

realised niche

Answer 18

the role an organism actually plays

Question 19

competitive exclusion principle

Answer 19

two species can’t coexist if they occupy the exact same niche

Question 20

what causes a population to have a realised niche?

Answer 20

if two species fundamental niches overlap, and one species wins, then the other species niche becomes realised

Question 21

does inter-or-intra-specific competition have a greater impact on population size?

Answer 21

intraspecific as larger overlap of niche

Question 22

primary succession

Answer 22

Colonisation of bare rock (previously unoccupied)

Question 23

secondary succession

Answer 23

when organisms colonise an area that previously occypied a community that was then wiped

Question 24

4 communities of a sere

Answer 24

1. previously unoccupied bare area
2. pioneer community
3. successive communities
4. stable climax community

Question 25

how do you classify a sere?

Answer 25

based on starting habitat

Question 26

what 3 things increase over time during succession?

Answer 26

1. soil depth + quality
2. height and biomass of plants
3. diversity of plants and animals

Question 27

how does succession occur?

Answer 27

1. A pioneer community colonises an area
2. Changing the abiotic factors
3. Making the environment more suitable/less hostile for new species who outcompete the previous species
4. Until a climax community is reached

Question 28

2 climax communities in UK

Answer 28

beech woodland ad oak woodland

Question 29

primary succession word summary

Answer 29

Weathering Invades Roots Die Animal Shrubs

Question 30

pioneer species name

Answer 30

colonisers

Question 31

how does the abiotic influence change throughout succession?

Answer 31

decreases

Question 32

how does the botic influence change throughout succession?

Answer 32

increases

Question 33

how does species diversity and stability change throughout succession?

Answer 33

increases

Question 34

how does GGP/NPP/biomass change throughout succession?

Answer 34

increases

Question 35

2 indicators a climax communty has been reached

Answer 35

1. there is a dominant species
2. it remains unchanged for a long period of time