Populations and sustainability Flashcards
2 animals found in the Tera Region (South of Nepal)?
- Bengal tiger
- Greater one-horned rhinoceros (endangered)
What’s the forest in the Terai Region under pressure from?
- expansion of agriculture into forested areas
- grazing from farm animals
- overexploitation of forest + resources
- replacing traditional crops with modern ones
What does the forest provide locals with? (TR)
- fuel
- building materials
- tools
What have the WWF and the Nepalese gov done to ensure conservation and development? (TR)
- introduced initiatives in which locals can exploit and look after forest
- have created forest corridors ( needed dispersal and survival of tigers)
- counteract poachers and illegal felling
What has the WWF Scheme done to reduce demand for firewood? (TR)
- introduced biogas plants and wood efficient stoves
What has the Terai arc project done?
- built waterholes
- monitored endangered species
- eradicated invasive species
Has community involvement combined with governmental and non- governmental (WWF) leadership been successful? (TR)
Yes. Bengal tigers are using corridors and their population is steadily growing.
How has the increase in density of goat and sheep affected wildlife in Maasai Mara (Kenya)?
has dropped
Why did farmers consolidate their land to form conservancies? (MM)
- to generate tourist income
- conservancies receive payment for wildlife conservation (PWC) schemes.
What are the disadvantages of conservancies? (MM)
- livestock must be moved out of of reserve during tourist season where no one receives PWC.
- farmers have constraints on how they use their land
why has the human population in the Galapagos Islands grown?
increased demand for marine products and ecotourism.
What’s happening to some of the species in the GI?
50% of vertebrate species and 25% of plant species are endangered
how has the GI been disturbed?
- more water, pollution and demand for oil
- oil spill in 2001 negatively affected marine ecosystems
- building and conversion of land for agriculture has caused destruction and fragmentation of habitats.
How have the resources in the GI been exploited?
- in 19th century, 200,000 tortoises killed in less than half a century.
- Charles Darwin Research Station has a captive breeding programme to increase their numbers
- death of many sharks due to market for shark fins
What are the effects of introduced species on the GI?
- alien species out- compete, eat, bring disease, destroy habitats of native species
- cats hunt lava lizard + young iguanas.
- red quinine out compete native trees
- goats feed on giant-tortoise food supply and disrupt their nesting sites