Population Health Flashcards
What are factors relating to the consistent increase in the worlds population?
- Birth rates
- Career attitudes
- Child mortality decreases
- Contraception
- Work Safety
- Medicines
- Emerging technology
- Food security
- Life expectancy increases
Negative impacts of an increasing population?
- Poverty
- Decreased natural resources
- Increased demand on health services
- Pollution
- Elevated criminal behaviour
- Increased unemployment
What are greenhouse gases?
Gases that trap heat in atmosphere
What are types of greenhouse gases?
- Carbon Dioxide
- Methane
- Nitrous oxide
- Fluorinated gases
What are the consequences of greenhouse gases on human health?
- Food shortage: agriculture decline
- Spreading of diseases: extreme heat will also aggravate cardiovascular/ respiratory issues
What is the Human Development Index?
Summary measure of average achievement in key dimensions of human development.
What are the key dimensions?
- Long and healthy life
- Being knowledgeable
- Decent standard of living
Dimension: Long and healthy life
What is the dimension index and indicator?
Indicators: Life expectancy at birth
Dimension Index: Life expectancy
Dimension: Being knowledgeable
What is the dimension index and indicator?
Dimension index: Education
Indicators: Expected years of schooling
Dimension: Decent standard of living
What is the dimension index and indicator?
Dimension index: GNI (Gross National Income)
Indicators: GNI per capita (USD)
How many countries are in the very high development bracket?
62
How many countries are in the high human development bracket?
53
How many countries are in the medium human development bracket?
36
How many countries are in the low human development bracket?
35
Why do we need international organisations?
- Sharing supplies
- Identify health trends
- Supporting other countries
- Leverage
- Collaboration
- Research
- Resources
- Economic benefits
- Provide health guideline does countries to utilise in the development of their own guidelines set standards and norms for health
What are some organisations which help to support health globally?
- United Nations
- World Health Organisation
- UNICEF
- Global Health Council
What are multilateral organisations?
Funded by multiple governments and non-government sources with services distributed amongst different countries (WHO, UNICEF)
What are bilateral agencies?
Government agency or not-for-profit organisations based in a single country but provides funding to developing countries ( AusAID, Centre for Disease Control and Prevention)
What are Non-government organisations?
A not-for-profit, voluntary group directed by people who share a common goal or service (world vision, OXFAM)
What are Intergovernmental organisations?
Comprising members from around the globe which is established by a treaty (United Nations).
What is primary healthcare?
The entry-level to the health system and is usually a persons first encounter with the health system. It includes a wide range of activities and services from health promotion and prevention to treatment and management of acute and chronic conditions.
What are PHC services?
Allied health services NOT local hospital networks.
PHC provide whole-person care for health needs throughout a persons life, not just for a set of specific health issues.
Components of PHC?
- Meeting people’s needs throughout their lives
- Addressing the broader determinants of health through multisectoral policy and action and;
- Empowering individuals, families and communities to take charge of their own health.
What if the Declaration of ALMA- ATA?
Declaration endorsed by members of WHO to support the idea that PHC was key to attaining ‘Health for all’ by 2000.
