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Geography > Population Growth > Flashcards

Population Growth Flashcards

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1
Q

Who might be interested in population and studying populations?

A

Politicians: Need to be aware of how many people to help.
Farmers: Need to know how many crops to grow
Town Planners: So they can accommodate where everything goes
Doctors: Need to know whether there are enough medical/healthcare resources

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2
Q

What is Exponential Growth?

A

A pattern where the growth rate constantly increases.

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3
Q

When did the world hit 7 billion?

A

2011

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4
Q

Why is population growth a problem?

A

1/ Overcrowding
2/ Disease can spread more quickly
3/ Can’t provide enough resources (water, food, housing) —> Increase in demand
4/ Overfishing
5/ More difficult access to Healthcare and Education
6/ Not enough jobs

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5
Q

What are 2 key challenges that are linked to population?

A

1/ Continued growth

2/ Declining ageing population

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6
Q

What are the positive implications of a shrinking population?

A

Environment
Climate Change
Food Production

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7
Q

What are the negative implications of a shrinking population?

A

Labour Forces
Economic Growth
Social support systems

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8
Q

At what rate was the population growing during the 20th century and early 21st century?

A

There was very rapid growth

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9
Q

In which year did the world reach 1 billion?

A

1800

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10
Q

What is Birth Rate?

A

Birth rate is the number of people born per 1,000 of the population.

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11
Q

What is Death Rate?

A

Death rate is the number of people who die per 1,000 of the population.

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12
Q

What is another word for Death Rate?

A

Mortality Rate

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13
Q

Name a place where the Birth Rate is high

A

Somalia

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14
Q

Name a place where the Birth Rate is low

A

South Korea

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15
Q

Name a place where the Death Rate is high

A

Lesotho

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16
Q

Name a place where the Death Rate is low

A

Qatar

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17
Q

What happens when Birth Rates are higher than Death Rates?

A

Natural Increase

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18
Q

What happens when Birth Rates and Death Rates are the same?

A

No Change

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19
Q

What happens when Birth Rates are lower than Death Rates?

A

Natural Decrease

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20
Q

Things that increase the population:

A

Better healthcare

Better Agriculture

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21
Q

Reasons why a country has a high Death Rate:

A

1/ Famine and Draught in society
2/ Little to no access to healthcare or education
3/ Poor nutrition

22
Q

Reasons why a country might have a low Birthrate:

A

1/ Access to contraception
2/ Education about Family Planning
3/ Working women delaying having families
4/ People in HICs are choosing not to have children because they are worried about the planet
5/ Abortion

23
Q

Reasons why a country has a high Death Rate:

A

1/ Famine and Draught in society
2/ Little to no access to healthcare or education
3/ Poor nutrition

24
Q

Reasons why a country has a low Death Rate:

A

1/ Improved healthcare and healthcare education
2/ Better nutrition and more access to food
3/ Improved Sanitation
4/ Improved housing

25
Q

What does GNI stand for?

A

Gross National Income

26
Q

What is GNI?

A

GNI is a economic indicator of a country’s development. It is the total amount of money earned by the nation’s people and businesses. It is used to measure and track a country’s wealth.

27
Q

What does low GNI mean?

A

1/ High BR
2/ Less money for investments in services
3/ Less money going to health care

28
Q

What is population Density?

A

The number of people living per sq. km

It is calculated by diving th

29
Q

What is population Distribution?

A

A pattern of when people live
Places which are sparsely populated contain few people
Places which are densely populated contain many people

30
Q

Name the physical factors that Population Density depends on

A 
Relief and Landforms 
Weather and Climate
Soil type and Quality 
Water supply
Vegetation
Raw materials/natural resources
Natural Hazards
31
Q

Factors that encourage sparse population density

A 
Extreme Climates
High Elevation
Less Fertile Land 
Poor Access eg. doctor 
Dense impenetrable jungles
32
Q

Name the human factors that Population Density depends on

A 
Agriculture
Industries eg. jobs
Accessibility 
Political decisions
Conflict 
Services available
Personal choice
33
Q

Where are the densely populated areas of the UK?

A

The midlands, south and east around London and Cardiff

34
Q

Where are the densely populated areas of the UK?

A

The midlands, south and east around London and Cardiff

35
Q

Where are the sparsely populated areas of the UK?

A

North Scotland and West Wales

36
Q

What does the South East of England benefit from?

A 
Milder Climate 
Flatter Land 
Good transport links -Airports
The City of London - Financial heart of England 
Raw Material 
Coal Industry
37
Q

Why does Scotland have a low population density?

A

Some areas are remote
Climate is often cold and wet
Has mountainous regions making it difficult to farm and lacks natural resources

38
Q

What is a census?

A

A count of all people and households in an area.

39
Q

When was the first census carried out and how often is it carried out?

A

The first census took place in 1801 and the census is carried out every 10 years.

40
Q

List 3 groups that would find the census useful

A

Hospitals, Schools, Job centers, Town Planners, The government

41
Q

what is the law surrounding the census?

A

You must complete or be accounted for in the census.

If you give false information or don’t do the census, there is a fine of 1 thousand pounds.

42
Q

Name a change that was introduced in the 2021 census.

A

Voluntary questions on gender identity and sexual orientation

43
Q

Why might the 2021 census be the last census?

A

Completing a census is difficult because people who are not registered with an address and huge amounts of paper are being sent out to people.

44
Q

What does DTM stand for?

A

Demographic Transition model, a study of population including birth rates and death rates

45
Q

Describe Stage 1 on the DTM

A

High Birth Rate
High Death Rate
Only tribal areas are still in this stage
Bad Health care, disease and famine

46
Q

Describe Stage 2 on the DTM

A 
High Birth Rate 
Decrease in Death Rate
Life expectancy increases
The gap between BR and DR mean population increase
Afghanistan
47
Q

Describe Stage 3 on the DTM

A

DR continues to fall but more slowly
Decrease in BR
Due to availably of birth control and economic changes
Brazil and India

48
Q

Describe Stage 4 on the DTM

A

BR and DR are low
Economy is growing, people have more jobs
There is still population growth but it is slow
South Korea, US, Singapore

49
Q

Describe Stage 5 on the DTM

A

Death rate rises because there is more elderly people

Germany, Japan

50
Q

Population pyramids: What does the apex show?

A

Shows the elderly population 65+

51
Q

Population pyramids: What does the middle show?

A

Shows the many people working in the working class.

Geography (1 decks)

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