Population Genetics Lecture Flashcards
What is population genetics?
study of how genetic variation changes with time in space.
How can you convert genotype frequencies to allele frequencies?
What is the hardy weinberg equilibrium?
that in the absence of disturbing forces, amount of genetic variation remains constant generation after generation.
What disturbing forces impact HWE?
If we have one locus with two alleles how can we find the genotype frequencies?
Given allele frequency, how will you find the genotype frequency?
What does this image explain?
That when outside disturbances occur (migration) genotype frequency (blue occurs) does not satisfy the hardy weinberg equilibrium.
What does this image show?
that allele frequencies can vary among different populations.
But what causes changes in allele frequencies between populations?
One of the ways new alleles can enter a population is through mutations. What type of mutations have we learned that can cause these variations?
Larger a population size, more _____ the genetic variation caused by drift. Drift is an example of founder’s effect.
stable or barely changing
How can genetic drift be used?
it can be used to find the common origin of a population under study
What are haploid genotypes?
A combination of alleles at multiple loci on the same chromosomal homolog.
How do mutations and SNPs change with generation?
What does this picture help understand?
How positive selection creates a distinct signature.
What does this image show?
This image shows how selective sweep can cause a loss of diversity at a particular allele locus. In this case the locus is SLC245A.
What are the most common variations among homologous DNA sequences?
What shows a relationship among haplotypes?
Haplotype networks
