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BVetMed3 POS - Integrated Applied Science > Population Genetics In Farm Animals > Flashcards

Population Genetics In Farm Animals Flashcards

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1
Q

When in a cow’s lifetime do you reach the break even point?

A

Half way through second lactation

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2
Q

What does KPI stand for?

A

Key performance indicator

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3
Q

What is the ideal calving interval?

A

365 days

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4
Q

Give examples of KPIs

A

Culling rate
Age at exit (yrs + lactation)
Calving interval
Milk/cow/yr

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5
Q

Why is it unfavourable to cull in the 1st and 2nd lactation?

A

Because you won’t make back the money spent on raising them

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6
Q

What is the average cull rate?

A

25% per lactation

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7
Q

What was a consequence of selecting for milk yield?

A

Reduced fertility

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8
Q

What is the calving interval?

A

Number of days between the end of one calving and the start of the next

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9
Q

What is the issue associated with measuring the days to first service?

A

Doesn’t tell you if they got pd+

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10
Q

What are the main reasons for culling cows in the UK?

A

Fertility
Mastitis
Lameness

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11
Q

What is the PTA?

A

The predicted transmitting ability

Ability to pass traits down to offspring

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12
Q

What is the PLI?

A

Profitable Lifetime index

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13
Q

What are selection indexes?

A

Combinations of desirable traits

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14
Q

What are the benefits of the PLI?

A

Promotes yield and maintains milk quality

Increases emphasis on fertility and longevity

Improves function of feet, legs and mammary

Reduces maintenance costs
Improves calving performance

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15
Q

What does it mean if a bull has a SCC PTA of -15%?

A

Expected to decrease the SCC of his daughters by 15%

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16
Q

What is the fertility index?

A

Calculated using:

  • calving interval
  • non return rate
  • BCS
  • milk yield
  • days to first service
  • total number of serves

Range from -15 to +15

17
Q

What does an increased point of the fertility index indicate?

A

Calving interval will be decreased by half a day

Non return rates will improve by 0.5%

18
Q

What is the lifespan index ?

A

Uses a combination of traits associated with longer herd life.

Feet + legs
Locomotion 
mammary 
Fore udder attachment 
SCC 
Later - actual information from daughters
19
Q

What is the range of lifespan PTA?

A

-1 to +1

Most between +/- 0.5

-0.5 will live one lactation less than +0.5

BVetMed3 POS - Integrated Applied Science (2 decks)

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