Population Genetics Flashcards
How do you calculate the frequency of an allele in a population?
Amount of alleles of interest divided by total alleles in population
Major parameter used to describe the genetics of populations?
Gene frequency or allele frequency
Hardy Weinberg principle
P^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1
Gametic frequencies are equal to?
Allelic frequencies in the reproducing adult population
With known gene frequencies, genotypic frequencies can be calculated according to the _______?
Hardy-Weinburg Principle
What assumptions do we make to use the Hardy-Weinburg principle?
- Mating is random
- no migration
- no mutation
- no selection or survival advantages
- all frequencies remain same male/female
- large population
We can test the Hardy-WEinburg assumption by using ___?
A Chi-Squared Test
An allele will mostly be found in heterozygotes if it is __?
Rare
Polymorphic?
Occurs in the heterozygous condition for at least 10% of the population
Most useful of polymorphisms are?
SSR Polymorphisms
Plant mating systems are not always ___?
Random
Common mating system in plants where male and female gametes come from same plant?
Self-pollination
Self pollination leads to the creation of?
homozygous genotypes
true breeding?
homozygous genotypes
How does self pollination lead to homozygosity?
Heterozygotes are reduced by 1/2 in every generation of self pollination.
