Population Dynamics Flashcards
Reasons for population explosion
Improved medical care Improved sanitation and water supply Improved food production (quality and quantity) Improved transport Decrease child mortality
Definition of under population
When a country has declined too much that it cannot support its economic system
Def
Overpopulation
Too much population in an area: overcrowding, depletion of resources
Consequences overpopulation
Unemployment Shortage hospitals / schools Shortage housing, water, electricity Congestion Inflation - excess demand Noise, air, water pollution
Consequences under population
Shortage of workers
Less paying taxes
Schools, hospitals, transport close (few customers and workers)
Less development
Little money circulation / poor conditions
Have to attract migrants
Causes change in population size
Relates to resources available
Carrying capacity
Optimum population (less than carrying capacity)
Population density
Population distribution
Carrying capacity
Number people environment can support without negative effects to population
Optimum population
Amount of people a country can ecologically support
Less than carrying capacity
Factors contribute to population size
Migration
Birth rate
Death rate
Fertility rate
Migration
Movement of people or animals from one country or region to another
Birth rate
Average number of live births in a year for every 1000 people
Death rate
Average number of deaths for every 1000 people
Fertility rate
Average number of children a female is expected to have in their lifetime
Reasons
High death rates in LEDCs
Poor healthcare Poor santitation Poor acess to safe water Limited food HIV / AIDS Natural disasters Lack of medicine Lack of education about healthy lifestyles Lack of provision for elderly
Reasons
Low birth rates in MEDCs
Availability of abortions etc Educated in family planning Can afford abortions Traditionally small families Expense of children Women are educated / have careers Availability of pensions Low infant mortality rate Lack of religious beliefs
