Population and settlement Flashcards
Birth Rate
The number of live births per
1000 population per year.
Death Rate
The number of deaths per 1000 per year.
Natural Increase
The birth rate is higher than the death rate.
Natural Decrease
The death is higher and the birth rate
Infant Mortality Rate
The number of children per 1000 that die before they are 1 yrs old.
Life Expectancy
The average age a person
can expect to live to.
Migration
The movement of people.
Fertility Rate
The average number of babies a woman has.
Exponential growth
The population growth rate increases.
Ageing Population
An increase in the proportion
of elderly people in an area.
Youthful Population
Proportion of young people in an area
Population structure
How many people there are of each of each age group and each sex in the population
Overpopulation
An excessive number of people in an area straining available resources and facilities
Immigration
When people move into an area
Emigration
When people exit an area
Refugees
People who’ve been forced to leave their countries due to things like war, persecution or a natural disaster.
Economic migrants
People who move voluntarily from poorer places to richer places looking for jobs or higher wages.
Urbanisation
The growth in the proportion of a country’s population living in urban areas
Rural-urban migration
Movement of people from the countryside to the cities
Self-help schemes
The government supplies materials so people can build their own homes
Site and service schemes
People pay a low rent for a site and the money is used to provide basic services for the area
Counter-urbanisation
Movement of people out of cities and into rural areas
High order goods
Goods that are only bought occasionally and usually more expensive
Low order goods
Goods that are bought frequently and usually quite cheap
Threshold population
Minimum population needed to support a shop
Sphere of influence
The area that people come form to visit a shop or an area
Range
The distance people will travel for a particular good or service
Green belt
An area of open land around a city, on which building is restricted
Brownfield site
An urban site which has potential building development which has already been built on
Greenfield site
A previously undeveloped site which will be developed on or exploited
