Population And Environment key words Flashcards
Biotechnology
The science behind genetic modification
Co-operative
A group that works together to share costs and maximise profits
Population distribution
The pattern of where people live
Profile
A cross section of soil
Capital investment
Funds invested in a firm or enterprise for the purposes of furthering its business objectives
Population density
The number of people living in an area, usually given as a number of people per km2
Depth and food deficit
A measure of the difference between average good consumption and average food requirements (in kilocalories per person per day)
Aeroponics
Growing plants in air that contains a mist of water with nutrients
Fertility rate
This is the average number of children that are born to a woman during her lifetime
Agrochemicals
Artificial pesticides and fertilisers that are using in farming
Topography
The shape of the land
Temperate zone
A region with mild climate found at the mid-latitudes
Malnutrition
Consuming an unsuitable amount of energy, protein and nutrients
Food security
When people have enough affordable and nutritious food to eat.
Urban and peri urban horticulture
Subsistence farming that takes place on small plots of land within and around the edge of cities
Tillage
Land use for cultivation
Cash crops
A crop produced to sell rather than for the farmer to consume
Under nutrition
Consuming too little food, leading to loss of body weight
Exponential growth
When the rate of increase becomes ever more rapid in proportion to the size of the population
Aggregates
Particles that bind together
Normandic cultivation
When a farmer moves from one place to another to find water supplies and better pasture land
Alluvial soils
Fertile soils deposited when a river floods
Transnational corportations
Large companies that operate across national boundaries
Aqua culture
Farming the seas
Viticulture
The cultivation of grape vines for wine making
Groundwater aquifiers
Rocks beneath the ground that store water
Salt water intrusion
The movement of saline water into fresh water supplies
Soil erosion
The loss of soil through natural forces such a wind or rain
Sedentary cultivation
Farming that occurs in one place
Eluviation
The movement of soil material from upper to lower horizons by the downwards movement of water
Hydroponics
Growing plants in material other than soil, such as pebbles or sand or liquid
Rills
Shallow channels cut into the soil by running water
Over-abstraction
Taking too much of something such as too much water from ground water supplies.
Parent material
Rock underneath soil
Rainfed
Using water up that comes from rainfall
Boreal zone
A cold region to the south of the Arctic
Food insecurity
Not having access to affordable, nutritious food
Gullies
Deep channels cutting into the soil
Conservation cropping
The practice of minimising soil disturbance, planting crops early and retaining stubble (stems left after harvesting)
