Population Flashcards
Birth rate
The number of births per 1000 per year.
Death rate
The number of deaths per 1000 per year.
Encourages high death rates
Ageing population, money, natural disasters
Encourage low death rates
Health care is good, low disease chance, job opportunities.
Encourage high birth rates
Family planning, income of money, tradition of family name, poor health care.
Encourage low birth rates
Cultural pressure, limited amount of children per family, expense of children, women having careers.
What is a HIC?
A high income country (rich country.
What is a LIC
A low income country (poor country.
Example of HIC
Japan, Australia, Europe, Germany, France, UK, Canada.
Example of LIC
Nigeria, Algeria.
What is the young dependence?
The young dependence is from 0-18/19 years old as you rely of your parents.
What is the economically active?
The are the people who work and pay taxes and get wages.
What are the old dependence?
The people that are retired and that live in a nursing home.
What is a pension?
A pension is what the government gives old people when they retire as money from their savings and/or taxes.
What is a life expectancy?
This is what the life span that people in a country will live until.
Ageing population is what?
When their is more old dependence then economically active people.
Bad things about aging population (4)
- More taxes are needed to pay their pensions
- Less people working so tax will go up
- more nursing home will have to be built and that involves money from the government.
- Less children because people will need to be working so they don’t move
What happens if we raise tax to insure health care for the elderly? (Cons)
- The working people will have to work harder to make more money to live in that country.
- People might migrate because it will be too expensive
- Less children as things will already be expensive
What happens if we raise tax to insure health care for the elderly? (Pros)
- People will have a longer life expectancy
- People will have more money when they retire
- The working people will live more comfortably once retired
What happens if a country incentives people to have children, make offers/money help? (Cons)
- People might get greedy
- Population over load
- Economically will be paying a lot since the young and old dependence will be too much.
What happens if a country incentives people to have children, make offers/money help? (Pros)
- The population will increase
- People will get discounts or money
- In 20 years the economically active people will be more so taxes will reduce.
What happens is a country attracts more workers? (Cons)
- In the future they will get old
- Spend money for people to migrate
- Managing culture
What happens is a country attracts more workers? (Pros)
- More people working
- More people to pay tax
- Tax could go down
- More new jobs and working places
What happens if the retirement age went up? (Cons)
- It will upset older people because they have to wait longer
- Jobs might be hard to find for younger people
- Could over work people and could lead to harm
What happens if the retirement age went up? (Pros)
- More tax income
- More working people
- Spend more money on hospitals and monuments as tourist attractions
If a population pyramid is big at the bottom and small at the top, is it an HIC or a LIC?
This country would be an LIC as the birth rate will be high and the death rate will be high as they need more people working and bad health care.
