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GEOGRAPHY EXAM REVISION > POPULATION > Flashcards

POPULATION Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the population of New Zealand?

A

4.5 million people

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2
Q

What percentage of NZ’s population live in urban areas?

A

87%

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3
Q

What percentage of NZ’s population live within 40km of the coast?

A

90%

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4
Q

What percentage of NZ’s population live on the 12 main lowlands?

A

75%

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5
Q

What is the population of Auckland?

A

1.4 million people

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6
Q

What is the population of the world?

A

7 billion people

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7
Q

7 possible factors that influence population distribution?

A

Education, employment, entertainment, relief, coast, climate, soils

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8
Q

What stage is NZ in the demographic transition model?

A

Stage 4

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9
Q

What was NZ’s population in the 1850s?

A

0.1 million people

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10
Q

What was NZ’s life expectancy in 1900?

A

Males - 58, Females - 61

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11
Q

What is NZ’s life expectance now?

A

Males - 83, Females - 87

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12
Q

What was NZ’s sex ratio in 1851 and why? (m:f)

A

1000:776 - predominantly populated by male immigrants looking for work

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13
Q

What was NZ’s sex ratio in 1945 and why? (m:f)

A

1000:1044 - significant amount of male lives lost in WW2, and travelling women become more common

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14
Q

What was NZ’s sex ratio in 2013 and why? (m:f)

A

1000:1035 - an even number of males and females being born, but females have a higher life expectancy

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15
Q

Possible reasons why people are living longer?

A

Better health and medical care, less disease, safer work places

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16
Q

What was the ethnic make-up of NZ’s population in 1881?

A

90% European, 7% Maori, 1% Asian, 2% other

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17
Q

What was the ethnic make-up of NZ’s population in 2013?

A

68% European, 14% Maori, 11% Asian, 6% Pacifica, 1% other

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18
Q

What are the 4 types of migration?

A

International, domestic, inter-urban, intra-urban

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19
Q

What is the difference between immigration and emigration?

A

Immigration refers to people coming into the country, while emigration is people leaving

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20
Q

What is intra-urban migration?

A

Movement within a city

21
Q

What is inter-urban migration?

A

Movement from one city to another

22
Q

Stage 1 of the demographic transition model

A

High birth and death rates (fluctuating), small natural increase

23
Q

Stage 2 of the demographic transition model

A

Improved hygiene, falling death rate, constant birth rate, rapid population growth

24
Q

Stage 3 of the demographic transition model

A

Higher living standards, education and birth control, falling birth rate, population growth

25
Q

Stage 4 of the demographic transition model

A

Developed technology, more women in the workforce, low birth and death rates (fluctuating), low natural increase, slow population increase

26
Q

Stage 5 of the demographic transition model

A

Lower birth rate than death rate, population decrease

27
Q

Population pyramid stage 1

A

Short life expectancy, high birth and death rates

28
Q

Population pyramid stage 2

A

Slightly longer life expectancy, high birth rate, falling death rate

29
Q

Population pyramid stage 3

A

Long life expectancy, falling birth rate, low death rate

30
Q

Population pyramid stage 4

A

Longer life expectancy, very low birth rate, low death rate

31
Q

Population pyramid stage 5

A

Longer life expectancy, very very low birth rate, lower death rate

32
Q

What is sustainability?

A

The capacity of the environment to support the human population in the longer terms

33
Q

NZ’s birth rate?

A

13.3/1000 each year

34
Q

NZ’s death rate?

A

6.9/1000 each year

35
Q

Natural increase rate?

A

6.4/1000 each year

36
Q

Sustainability and jobs

A

Less jobs due to migration (internal and external), in regions and smaller communities. NZ first campaigned for regional development in 2017 election
EG: Northland, West and East Coasts

37
Q

Sustainability and house prices

A

Demand is greater than supply; people are concentrated in the larger urban areas (GIVE EXAMPLES); lowest rate of home ownership in 60 years; people living off super annuation

38
Q

Sustainability and transport costs

A

Higher in areas further away from the main cities

39
Q

Sustainability and access to healthcare

A

Harder along the East/West Coasts and the central North Island; due to the country’s long thin shape

40
Q

Sustainability and access to schools

A

Many smaller, lower decile, schools are being shut because children would prefer going to a higher decile school

41
Q

Sustainability and traffic congestion

A

Costs time and money; roading and other infrastructure cannot cope; climate change - co2 from vehicle emissions

42
Q

Sustainability and urban expansion

A

Building on fertile farmland EG. Pukekohe; higher transport costs for food if it is grown further away; AKL council has protected some of the best soils

43
Q

Sustainability categories to write about

A

Social, economic, environmental etc.

44
Q

How many AKL homeless people?

A

40,000 living in cars, streets, garages etc.

45
Q

What is labour government going to do to help the homeless?

A

Build 100,000 affordable house, 50,000 of which are in Auckland

46
Q

What is going to happen to the minimum wage?

A

Going to be increased to $16.50 by April 2018

47
Q

Average AKL house price?

A

$1,044,000

48
Q

NZ unemployment rate

A

4.9%

49
Q

What has labour done to try and help the housing crisis?

A

Banned overseas spectators from buying existing residential properties

GEOGRAPHY EXAM REVISION (1 decks)

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