Population Flashcards
What is immigration ?
Arrival in a country of individuals who want to live there
What is emigration?
Departure of individuals who want to live in another country
What is net migration?
of arrivals(immigrants) - # of departures( emigrants ) = balance of migration or net migration
What is legal migration?
People who cross the borders and have the right to.
What is illegal migration?
Migration of people who cross borders but illegally
What is forced migration?
Being forced to leave your country
Give and explain four reasons for people to migrate
Political reasons, jobs, better life, natural disasters, education.
Give the profile of an average migrant
Young(20,40) , usually women, single men, skilled men workers( doctors, engineers )
List and explain two ways migration could be good for a country and two ways it could be bad.
Good- provides young workers and improves culture diversity. Helps economy.
Bad- country loses population( when they leave) , they take our jobs, affects culture and language
Explain the difference between permanent and temporary migration
Permanent- leaving and never coming back
Temporary- seasonal work, fixed term contracts, business trip, education, etc
Explain what replacement migration is and why it is a win/win for both sides.
When people in a country retire they open up more jobs, immigrants come in and fill the jobs.
It’s a win/win situation because people that are in overpopulated countries will leave and go somewhere else to work. The overpopulated country gets less populated and the government of the country that the immigrants migrated to make revenue from
The workers.
What are refugees and political refugees?
Refugees- someone that leaves their country of origin and goes somewhere else because they are in danger.( they don’t want to leave but have to)
Political refugee- someone who is unable to stay in their country of origin due to political persecutions.
What intergovernmental organization is specifically concerned with refugees?
The United Nations high commissioner for refugees (UNHCR)
How can refugees become a problem for their receiving country?
When a Majority of them will not go back.
Where and under what conditions do many refugees end up?
They end up in refugee camps with basic needs and sometimes epidemics ( Diseases)
What is family reunification and who is eligible for this?
Example: if someone immigrates to Canada and becomes a Canadian citizen and then wants to bring their family, their family member or members must be Atleast 16 years old.
Explain how migration helps developing countries.
If a country is over populated, when people leave, it helps with the population (less) and unemployment.
Why do people leave developing countries for other countries?
For better living conditions, health and education, better working conditions.
Give three reasons why immigrants are favourable for the economy of the receiving country.
They fill needs created by people not working, take jobs that are not stable, under paid jobs that people don’t want, migrants consume goods and pay taxes.
Do migrations always flow from poor to rich?
No because for example unskilled workers from Africa move to poor countries to work and have more jobs.
Explain how globalization has impacted migration?
It caused creator mobility skilled and unskilled workers.
What is relocation?
When companies move to different countries for cheaper labour.
Explain how globalization has increased the relocation phenomenon.
Countries compete with others to have companies and so they lower their productive value.
Which employees usually lose their jobs due to relocation? Who relocates?
People that are involved in production( regular workers) lose their jobs. The ones that move are the skilled workers ( ex. Manager)
What organization was formed to look after workers rights worldwide?
The international labour organization.(ILO)
Explain what the term brain drain means.
Intellectual people (university students and smart people) leave the country for a more developed country and jobs that pay more.
Which types of countries tend to benefit from the term brain drain?
Developed countries because they want intellectual people to help out , teach others, discover new findings, etc
What are the consequences for the countries being drained? (Brain drain)
They lose people and the country will lose the ability to advance.
Explain how illegals get into their countries of destination.
They cross the sea on poorly built and overloaded boats, travel for many days in containers aboard ships, over stay their visit in their country so their visa expires and they hide in the country .
What are some of the difficulties many illegals encounter in their attempt to migrate?
The high cost and the many dangers involved.
What sort of problems do illegals cause In their new countries?
They take jobs, criminal activity, increase in taxes.
Explain what melting pot is and give an example.
Combining different cultures.Example is the USA
Explain what segregation is and give an example.
Immigrants should maintain their own culture without making an effort to participate in that of the receiving country. Encourages to live apart from the rest of the society. An example is France.
Explain what intercultural Is and give an example.
They tolerate culture diversity but don’t offer all cultures an equal place. An example is Quebec.
Explain what multicultural is and give an example.
All cultures should be treated equally and that efforts should be made to preserve them. An example is Canada.
Explain what assimilation is and give an example.
Immigrants should completely give up their culture in order to adapt that if the receiving country as quickly as possible. An example is Saudi Arabia.
How does an immigrant become a citizen?
They have to obtain the status of permanent resident and be naturalized.
What is diaspora?
A group of people that have common characteristic that live out of their country of origin. Ex: Irish in Canada, Italians, etc.
What economic role do diasporas play?
They send money back to their homeland. It is called remittance.
What is urbanization?
When a place is growing. Ex: farm areas turn into houses, stores, etc. Rural areas become urban areas
In which types of countries was urbanization most widespread?
Developing countries.
List 4 of the cities experiencing the fastest growth today.
Tokyo Japan, São Paulo Brazil, Mexico City, Dehli India.
Explain what a megapolis is and provide 2 examples. (Important question)
A giant urban area, big city. Ex: Boston to Washington, Toronto , New York.
Explain why São Paulo, Brazil exemplifies the idea of a multiethnic city.
They receive many immigrants. Ethnic groups.
What is an ethnic neighbourhood? Give an example.
When an ethnic group all lives in the same area, they stay together. Ex: China town, little Italy.
What are shantytown? Who lives there?
Poorest place in a town. Newly arrived immigrants who don’t have money live there.
What is urban sprawl and how can it become a problem?
The uncontrolled expansion of urban areas. It can become a problem because it causes more pollution and a bigger population.
What are landed immigrants?
An individual who has relocated and changed their permanent residence to a state where they do not have citizenship.
What is internal migration?
When you migrate within a country.
What is external migrate?
When you migrate out of a country.
