Population Flashcards
To learn key terms form the population course that you'll need for subject mastery.
Birth rate
Birth rate is the number of babies born each year per 1000 people in an area.
Death rate
The number of people who die per thousand of the total population per year.
Natural increase
Natural increase is birth rate - death rate. A positive number will mean a natural increase in population.
Natural decrease
Natural decrease will occur when death rate > birth rate. This will result in a decrease in the population.
Life expectancy
The average age that a person can expect to live to. In the UK, LE is currently 81.5, in Japan it is 83.1 and in the USA it is 78.4.
Infant mortality rate
The number of babies who die each year before they reach their first birthday per 1000 live births.
Zero growth
Birth rate = death rate, no natural increase or decrease in population.
Exponential growth
A pattern of population growth where the growth RATE constantly increases, often shown as a J-curve.
Population structure
Detailed analysis of the composition of a population by looking at totals or % of:
-male/female
-age data
Often shown by using a population pyramid.
Demography
The study of populations looking at statistics such as births, deaths, or the incidence of disease, to illustrate the changing structure of human populations.
Demographic Transition Model
A theoretical model that shows changes in population information (birth and death rates and population growth) over a period of time.
Population policy
A policy implemented by the government of a country designed to affect population levels, normally by changing birth rate. Actively encouraging women to have more babies is “pro-natalist”; encouraging women to have fewer babies is “anti-natalist.
Youthful population
A population where a large proportion of the total population are young.
Ageing population
A population where a large proportion of the people are elderly.
Migration
A movement of people from one permanent home to another with the intention of staying for a year or more. Migration varies in terms of distance from source to destination. Internal migration does not cross international borders, external migration does.
