Population

Question 1

Population Distribution

Answer 1

How the people are spread out over an area

Question 2

Population Density

Answer 2

The number of people living per square kilometer

Question 3

Densely Populated and example

Answer 3

A very high number of people living in an area, Singapore

Question 4

Sparsely Populated and example

Answer 4

A very low number of people living in an area, The Sahel

Question 5

What is the population density formula

Answer 5

total population/total land area

Question 6

Where do people want to live?

Answer 6

In places with:

• flat land to build on
• fertile soil to grow crops
• fishing, near coasts
• fresh water

Question 7

Birth Rate

Answer 7

Number of live births per 1000 of population per year

Question 8

Death Rate

Answer 8

Number of deaths per 1000 of population per year

Question 9

Fertility Rate

Answer 9

Average number of children people in a country/region will have in their lifetime

Question 10

Infant Mortality Rate

Answer 10

Number of children dying at birth/before their first birthday

Question 11

Life Expectancy

Answer 11

Average age a person is expected to live to

Question 12

Natural Increase

Answer 12

When the birth rate is higher than the death rate

Question 13

Natural Decrease

Answer 13

When the death rate is higher than the birth rate

Question 14

What are the effects of population growth on people?

Answer 14

• Pressure on resources, ex: food & water
• Job creation & competition for jobs
• High demands for goods so they can be bought cheaper

Question 15

What caused a population explosion?

Answer 15

• improved by more health and medical knowledge
• improved medical facilities
• increased life expectancy, therefore creating a greater distance between birth and death rate

Question 16

Stages of the Demographic Transition Model

Answer 16

1-high birth rate, high death rate. low population, due to famine, diseases, etc
2-economy improves, money gets spent on healthcare and clean water, birth rate stays high, death rate drops a lot, population increases
3-social & economic development continues, people start having less children as many of them survive to adulthood
4-country is now wealthy, family planning is widespread, low birth & death rate, small population growth

Question 17

Over Population, example

Answer 17

When the number of people living in an area is too many to be supported to a good standard of living by the resources of the country, Bangladesh

Question 18

Under Population, example

Answer 18

When the number of people living in an area is lower than the number that the resources of the area can support, Australia

Question 19

One Child Policy

Answer 19

China made a rule after 1949 stating that families were only allowed to have one child, but that got changed from 1958 to 1961, because of droughts and floods which led to people dying

Question 20

advantages of one child policy

Answer 20

• better housing
• better child care
• cash bonuses

Question 21

disadvantages of one child policy

Answer 21

• extra children denied same quality of education & healthcare as first child
• basic rice allowance withdrawn for extra children
• government employees sacked

Question 22

did the oc policy work?

Answer 22

• baby girls & second children were often abandoned or secretly adopted
• more successful in cities as rural families needed a son to work the land
• in 2016 the 2 child policy was introduced.
• in a way it worked because it reduced the rapid growth of population

Question 23

pro-natalist policies

Answer 23

• some governments have policies to encourage people to have more children
• 47% of all the countries in the world have a fertility rate below 2.1

Question 24

Migration

Answer 24

the movement of people from one area to another area

Question 25

Immigration

Answer 25

when people move into an area

Question 26

Immigrant

Answer 26

a person who moves into an area

Question 27

Emigration

Answer 27

when people move out of an area

Question 28

Emigrant

Answer 28

a person who moves out of an area

Question 29

Push factor, example

Answer 29

a thing about a persons place or origin that makes them want to leave the area, ex: lack of jobs, war, poor healthcare

Question 30

Pull factor, example

Answer 30

a thing about the persons destination that makes them want to go there, ex: jobs, better standard of living, good education

Question 31

positive and negative effects on source country

Answer 31

positive:
-reduced demand on services
-money is sent back to the source country emigrants
negative:
-labour shortage
-skills shortage
-ageing population

Question 32

positive and negative effects on receiving country

Answer 32

positive:
-increased labour force
-migrant workers pay taxes that will fund services
negative:
-competition for jobs between locals and immigrants
-increased demand on services
-not all money earnt is spent in the destination country as immigrants usually send money back to home country

Question 33

Economic migration

Answer 33

to find work or follow a particular career path

Question 34

Social migration

Answer 34

for a better quality of life or to be closer to family and friends

Question 35

Political migration

Answer 35

to escape political persecution or war

Question 36

Environmental migration

Answer 36

to escape natural disasters such as flooding

Question 37

Refugee

Answer 37

Someone who has left their home and doesn’t have a new home to go to

Question 38

Forced migration

Answer 38

When people are forced to migrate and leave their home or homeland