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Maternity > popquiz 1 > Flashcards

popquiz 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Amenorrhea

A

Absence of menstrual period

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2
Q

PRIMARY amenorrhea

A

No menses by age 16 and no secondary sex charcacteristics or no menses by age 13 with secondary sex characteristics

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2
Q

SECONDARY amenorrhea

A

No menses in 3 months in a woman who has had normal menstral cycles

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2
Q

Things that can cause Amenorrhea

A

Lack of ovarian prduction
Pregnancy
PCOS
Nutritional disturbances
Endocrine disturbances
Uncontrolled diabetes
Heavy athletic activity
Emotional distress

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3
Q

How to tx Amenorrhea?

A

Identify and treat underlying condition

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4
Q

Dysmenorrhea

A

Painful menstrul periods

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5
Q

Primary Dysmenorrhea

A

Painful menstration usually begins 12-24 hours before onset of flow, lasts 12-24 hours. MAy experience chils, nausea, vomiting, headaches, irritability and diarrhea

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6
Q

Secondary Dysmenorrhea

A

Painful menstration associated with known anatomic factors of pelvic pathology. Pain can be present at any point of the menstral cycle

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7
Q

A combination of emotional and physical symptoms that begin during the luteal phase and diminish after menstration cycle

A

Premenstral Syndrome (PMS)

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8
Q

Irregular periods
Hot flashes
Night sweats
Sleep disturbances
Sexual dyfunction
Mood swings
Irritability
Anxiety
Lethargy
Lack of energy
Panic attacks
Forgetfulness
Difficulty coping
Depression

are all symptoms of what?

A

Menopause

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9
Q

A fungal infection most often caused by candida albicans. Symptoms are Vulvar and vaginal puritis, painful urination, excoriation, thick creamy, white cottage cheese like discharge. White patches on vaginal walls

A

Vulvovaginal Candidasis, Yeast infection or candidiasis

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10
Q

Bacterial infection most commonly caused by haemophilus vaginalis or gardnerella vaginalis. Most common vaginal infection in females 14-49. not related to sexual activity. Is related to reduction in lactobacilli in the vaginal flora. Symptoms are thin white or grey discharge with fishy ordor, especially after sex

A

BActerial vaginosis

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11
Q

Name this STD: silent disease”. Male: penile discharge, dysuria, testicular edema or pain. Female: dysuria, urinary frequency, spotting/postcoital bleeding, vulvar itching, gray-white discharge, endocervical discharge & bleeding

A

Chlamydia

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12
Q

How is Chlamydia transmitted?

A

new/multiple sex partners. Bacterial infection caused by chlamydia trachomatis & most common STI in American women. May lead to PID if left untreated, causing infertility or ectopic pregnancy & premature labor/birth & postpartum endometritis.

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13
Q

STI: •Most women have no symptoms but may have burning on urination, increased purulent yellow-green vaginal discharge, or bleeding between periods. Rectal infection can cause anal itching, discharge, and bleeding. Males experience dysuria, testicular edema/pain, penile discharge that may be white, green, yellow, or clear & profuse at times. Can lead to PID if untreated.

A

Gonorrhea

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14
Q

How is gonorrhea transmitted?

A

Neisseria gonorrheae is the causative agent in this bacterial infection. Primarily spread by genial-to-genital contact, but also can be spread by anal-to-genital or oral-to-genital. Can be transmitted to newborn during delivery.

15
Q

Risk factors for bacterial vaginosis

A

New or multiple sex partners, unprotected sexual practices

16
Q

Education for vulvovaginal candidiasis

A

Avoid tight clothing
Wear cotton lined underpants
Remove damp clothing ASAP
Avoid douching
Increase dietary intake of yogurt with active cultures
Rule out diabetes if frequent. reoccurent infections

16
Q

Treatment for Chlamydia

A

Doxycycline (Contraindicated if pregnant),
azithromycin or amoxicillin (Used during pregnancy), erythromycin (administered to all infants following delivery as prophylaxis).
Retest in 3 weeks after completing treatment. Identify & treat all exposed sexual partners & use barrier contraceptive each time.

16
Q

Treatment for vulvovaginal candidiasis

A

Topical therapies-recommended for pregnant clients
Fluconazole-for those who are not pregnant or lactating
Clotrimazole-OTC treatment

17
Q

Treatment for bacterial vaginosis

A

Flagyl
Clinfamycin
Probiotic Lactobacilli

18
Q

Gonorrhea treatment

A

Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) IM &Azithromycin po. Treat all sexual partners. Administer erythromycin to all infants following delivery to prevent blindness.

19
Q

How is Gonorrhea transmitted?

A

Neisseria gonorrheae is the causative agent in this bacterial infection. Primarily spread by genial-to-genital contact, but also can be spread by anal-to-genital or oral-to-genital. Can be transmitted to newborn during delivery.

20
Q

Name this STI: Most women have no symptoms but may have burning on urination, increased purulent yellow-green vaginal discharge, or bleeding between periods. Rectal infection can cause anal itching, discharge, and bleeding. Males experience dysuria, testicular edema/pain, penile discharge that may be white, green, yellow, or clear & profuse at times. Can lead to PID if untreated.

A

Gonorrhea

21
Q

How is syphilis spread?

A

Treponema pallidum is the bacteria present. Can be transmitted through oral, vaginal, or anal & transmitted to unborn child resulting in congenital abnormalities or stillborn & eye infections.

22
Q

How to treat Syphilis

A

Penicillin G IM single dose, or 3 doses if duration of syphilis unknown – safe during pregnancy. Doxycycline or tetracycline rally if allergic to penicillin – do not give during pregnancy. Test & treat all partners.

23
Q

Name this STI:
Has 3 Stages: Primary – chancre, a painless popular lesion at site of infection, progressing to an ulcerated area. Females may report inguinal lymph node edema indicating internal vaginal or cervical lesions. Secondary – skin rashes on palms of hands & soles of feet. Tertiary – internal organ damage, difficulty coordinating muscle movements, blindness.

A

Syphilis

24
Q

How is HPV transmitted?

A

Spread through oral, anal, & vaginal. C-section recommended for pregnant women. Can be transmitted when no visible lesions, so condoms should be worn each time. Burning and tingling may be a sign outbreak is about to occur, in which sex should be avoided during any outbreaks.

25
Q

Can HPV be cured?

A

No only treat symptoms and breakouts

26
Q

Name this STI:
Genital warts that can expand & obscure the birth canal& impact ability to urinate & defecate. May have a cauliflower-like appearance.

A

HPV

27
Q

How is trichomoniasis spread?

A

Caused by protozoan parasite trichamonas vaginalis, spread penis-to-vagina or vagina-to-vagina. Can lead to PID or infertility if left untreated.

28
Q

How is trichomoniasis treated?

A

metronidazole (flagyl) or tinidazole orally. identify & treat all sexual partners

29
Q

Name this STI:
males may experience urethral draining, itching, or irritation; dysuria or pain with ejaculation.
Females Malodorous yellow-green vaginal discharge and vulvar irritation & dysuria. Can lead to premature rupture of membrane and preterm labor.

A

Trichomoniasis

30
Q

When is the best time to do a monthly breast exam?

A

3-5 days after your period starts. The same time every month. Your breasts are not as tender or lumpy at this time in your monthly cycle. If you have gone throg menopause, do your exam on the same day every month

31
Q

What should be avoided before a mamogram

A

deodorants, perfumes, lotion, or powder under their arms or on their breasts on the day of the appointment

32
Q

a procedure to test for cervical cancer in women by collecting cells from the cervix. Requires to undress completely or only from the waist down, lie down on your back on an exam table with your knees bent & heels rest in supports called stirrups. Doctor will gently insert an instrument called a speculum into vagina to easily see cervix. Inserting the speculum may cause a sensation of pressure in pelvic area. Then doctor will take samples of your cervical cells using a soft brush and a flat scraping device called a spatula.

A

PAP smear

33
Q

What to do to prepare for a PAP smear

A

Avoid intercourse, douching, or using any vaginal medicines or spermicidal foams, creams or jellies for two days before having a Pap smear, as these may wash away or obscure abnormal cells. Try not to schedule a Pap smear during your menstrual period.

Maternity (1 decks)

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