poop Flashcards
What is the duty of the upper class in the UK?
class to take responsibility for the welfare of the lower class
Beveridge Report
adopted by both parties during war; made all citizens eligible for health, unemployment, pension, and other welfare benefits
National Health Service
under the leadership of the Labour Party
Insularity
feeling separation, in particular from the continent of Europe
Largest region of the UK?
England
Plaid Cymru
Welch national political party
Sinn Fein
political party of the IRA (Irish Republican Army)
Devolution
the turning over of some political power and autonomy to regiuonal governments
Who blocked devolution?
Margaret Thatcher
the most important portal to membership in the elite classes and political recruitment is through these places
Oxbridge (oxford-cambridge):
Largest party on the “left”
Labour Party
Trade Union Council
a coalition of the trade unions generally associated with the Labour Party, has traditionally been in force in British Politics
What party does the Trade Union Council follow?
The Labour Party
Third Way
term used to describe the new new and more central left winged parties of the 1990s, most notably Britain’s “New Labour”
What did Thatcherism do?
- Privatized business and industry
- Cut back on social welfare programs
Strengthened national defense (staunch anticommunist) - Got tough with labor unions in response to Labour - Parties’ distinct movement left, which had strengthened labor unions politically
What was the dominant party in Great Britain between WWII and late 1990s
Conservative Party
What Britain Party is mainly on the right?
Conservative Party
Democratic Unionist Party
led by Protestant clergymen
National Front
racist and nationalist
Voting patterns of the Conservative Party
- Middle and upper classes
- Educated
- Residents of England, mostly rural and suburban areas
Voting patterns of the Labour Party
- Traditionally supported by working class
- Residents of urban and industrial areas (Manchester, Liverpool, Newcastle)
Confederation of Business and Industry (CBI)
a coalition of business groups and private interests, usually supportive of the Conservative Party
What is first-past-the-post?
electoral system based on single-member districts in which the candidate who receives the most votes wins
Shadow Cabinet
influential members of the opposition party sit facing Cabinet members of majority party on the opposing side
Backbenchers
less influential members of both parties sit in the rear benches on both sides of the meeting hall as well
Question Time/Question Hour
the hour the prime minister and his cabinet must defend themselves from inquisitive attacks from the opposition party as well as direct inquiry from members of his/her own party
Speaker of the House
presides over the debates in Parliament, the speaker is suppose to be objective and often is not a member of the majority party. Their job is to let all speak without letting the debate get out of hand.
Members today are either classified as “hereditary peers” or “life peers”
House of Lords
Hereditary peers
hold seats that have been passed down through family ties over the centuries
Life peers
people appointed to nonhereditary positions as a result of distinguished service to Britain
Define Okrana
Russian secret police, for Nicholas
What is the Russian Parliament called?
The Duma
Who are the Checka?
Secret police for Lenin. Executed anybody who was expected to be an anti-communistist
What did the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk do?
- The Bolsheviks sign the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk with Germany
- Russia had to surrender a large chunk of territory to Germany
- The land contained a large portion of Russia’s population and industry.
- The terms of the treaty caused widespread anger
Who established Russian Five Year Plans?
Stalin
What is the name of the five year plan(s)?
Gosplan
Which leader ordered the Berlin Wall to be built?
Khrushchev
Which Soviet leader introduced Perestrokia?
Gorbachev
Under which leader did the Cuban Missile Crisis take place?
Khrushchev
Which leader reformed the Russian Communist Party?
Gorbachev
Under which Soviet leader was Sputnik introduced?
Khrushchev
Which leader immediately followed Stalin?
Khrushchev
Which leader introduced Glasnost?
Gorbachev
Which leader was in power during the same time as President Kennedy?
Khrushchev
Which Soviet leader made the “Secret Speech”?
Khrushchev
Which Soviet leader introduced the theory of peaceful coexistence with the US?
Khrushchev
Which leader reformed the KGB?
Gorbachev
Which Soviet leader thought it would be a great idea to invest in corn?
Khrushchev
Which leader was asked by president Reagan to tear down the wall?
Gorbachev
Which Soviet leader told his enemies “we will bury you?”
Khrushchev
Which Soviet leader instituted the program of deStalinization?
Khrushchev
What does GLASNOST mean?
a greater freedom of expression
What does Perestrokia mean?
decentralization of the Soviet economy with gradual market reforms?
The capitalists class who owns most of society’s wealth and the means of production?
Bourgeoisie
The Leninist organizational system in which policy is decided centrally and binding on all
Democratic Centralism
A policy proposed by Lenin creating an economic system in which commerical economic activity is by the state, with management the means of production in a capitalist manner
New Economic Policy
The lower social class in a state
Proletariat
“Let China sleep. For when China wakes, it will shake the world.”
Napoleon Bonaparte
The philosophy has shaped the Chinese political system since the 6th century B.C.E.
Confucianism
What does “Middle Kingdom” mean?
the place that is the center of civilization
Who is Mao Zedong?
A Chinese revolutionary, political thorist and communist leader. He lead the PRC from its establishment in 1948 until his death
What is the Deng Xiaopeng Theory?
A practical mix of authoritarian political control and economic privatization
What is Mass Line?
Required leaders to listen to and communicate with ordinary folks, and without it, the legitimacy of the rulers was questionable.
What is Maoism?
Strongly influenced by Karl Marx and Vladimir Lenin, but his version of communism is distinctly suited for China
What is Collectivism?
Valuing the good of the community above that of the individual
When did Chiang Kai-shek become President of China?
When Mao Zedong and his commies were left an outlaw party
When did Mao’s commie party gain strength?
During the Long March
What event was when Mao’s army crossed China by Chaing & his supporters
The Long March?
What was the Great Leap Forward?
a utopian effort to transform China into a radical egalitarian society
What were the four principles was the Great Leap Forward based on?
All-around development, mass mobilization, Political unanimity and seal, & decentralization
What is the Gang of Four?
People who controlled the power organs of the CCP through the latter stages of the Cultural Revolution
Who became the leader of China after Mao?
Deng Xiaping
Describe what Four Modernization is.
A policy first introduced by Zhou Enlai and championed by Deng Xiaping. Focused on developing industry, the military, agriculture, and science in China
What body consists of more than 2000 delegates?
The NPC (National Party Congress)
What body meets only once every five years?
The NPC (National Party Congress)
What body has about 340 members that meet once a year for a week?
The Central Committee
Politburo/Standing Committee
These most powerful political organizations are at the very top of the CCP structure
Who is chosen by the Central Committee?
The Politburo/Standing Committee
What body has 24 members?
The Politburo
What body has 7 members?
Standing Committee
How long is a term for a President and VP in China?
5 years
What is the age limit to run for presidency in China?
45 yrs old
Who is the current President of China?
Hu Jintao
Who is the head of the government in China?
The Premier
What are the Four Special Economic Zones?
Were established in 1979. In these regions, foreign investors were given preferential tax rates and other incentives.
What is the Hundred Flowers Campaign?
Encouraged its citizens to openly express their opinions of the communist regime
