Polysmonnography

Question 1

Polysmonnography

Answer 1

Polysomnography (PSG) is a comprehensive sleep study used to diagnose and evaluate sleep disorders. It records various physiological parameters while a person sleeps to assess sleep stages and detect abnormalities. Here’s what it typically involves:

Parameters Monitored:

1. Electroencephalogram (EEG): Monitors brain waves to analyze sleep stages.
2. Electrooculogram (EOG): Tracks eye movements, which help identify REM (rapid eye movement) sleep.
3. Electromyogram (EMG): Measures muscle activity, including chin and limb movements.
4. Electrocardiogram (ECG): Records heart rate and rhythm.
5. Respiratory Effort: Monitors breathing patterns and chest movements.
6. Oxygen Saturation (SpO₂): Measures blood oxygen levels using a pulse oximeter.
7. Airflow: Detects nasal or oral airflow to identify sleep apnea.
8. Snoring Sounds: Assesses the intensity and frequency of snoring.
9. Body Position: Determines how body posture affects sleep and breathing.

Question 2

Uses

Answer 2

Uses of Polysomnography:

Diagnosing Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) or Central Sleep Apnea

Evaluating insomnia or hypersomnia

Diagnosing Narcolepsy

Assessing Periodic Limb Movement Disorder (PLMD)

Identifying REM Sleep Behavior Disorder

Monitoring treatment for existing sleep disorders (e.g., CPAP for sleep apnea)

Question 3

Procedure

Answer 3

Procedure:

1. The patient spends a night in a sleep lab or clinic.
2. Sensors are attached to the scalp, face, chest, and limbs.
3. Data is recorded throughout the night for analysis.
4. Results are reviewed by a sleep specialist to identify abnormalities and plan treatment.