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BME 312 Exam 3 > Polypeptides > Flashcards

Polypeptides Flashcards

1
Q

Polypeptides

A

short chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds

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2
Q

Extracellular matrix

A

non-cellular 3D macromolecule network

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3
Q

List the functions of extracellular matrix

A
  1. forming an essential support structure for cells
  2. controlling communication between cells
  3. segregating tissues
  4. regulating cell processes such as growth, migration, and differentation
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4
Q

List the general properties of ECM

A
  1. scaffolding
  2. rigid
  3. dense
  4. porous
  5. insoluble
  6. reservoir for growth factors and bioactive molecules
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5
Q

ECM plays significant role in _________________ and __________

A

cellular communication and function

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6
Q

General properties of ECM

A
  1. biodegradable
  2. biocompatible
  3. determines and controls behaviors of cells: proliferation, adhesion, migration, polarity, differentiation, and apoptosis
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7
Q

What are the 3 medical applications with the ECM?

A
  1. tissue repair
  2. organ transplantation
  3. regeneration
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8
Q

the ______________ step is key to improve mechanical properties after decellularization

A

cross-linking

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9
Q

Collagen is the most abundant __________ of ________ origin.

A

protein of animal origin

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10
Q

Collagen is the main structural protein found in ___________ tissue.

A

connective tissue; ligaments, tendons, and cartilage

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11
Q

Collagen provides the skin with _________ and _________

A

support and strength

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12
Q

Collagen forms the structural network of tissues such as ___________ (3)

A

blood vessels, bones, and cartilages

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13
Q

Tropocollagen contains

A

3 polypeptide chains wound around each other to form a single helical structure

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14
Q

Tropocollagen is stabilized with _______ bonding

A

hydrogen bonding

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15
Q

List the biomedical applications of collagen

A
  1. drug delivery
  2. ophthalmology - collagen shield
  3. sponges for burns/wounds
  4. gene delivery - nanoparticles
  5. hemostatic sealant
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16
Q

Easy modification to produce desired materials is possible by using collagens __________ groups

A

functional

17
Q

the ____________ of amino acids of collagen allow many different chemical reactions

A

side chains

18
Q

_________ has a strong impact on the structure of collagen

A

drying

19
Q

__________________ hydrolysis forms gelatin

A

heat-induced

20
Q

Collagen can be altered to form _____________ (4)

A
  1. films
  2. gels
  3. powders
  4. sponges
21
Q

Keratin is a major component of ________ (4)

A
  1. hair
  2. feathers
  3. wool
  4. horns
22
Q

Keratin is a ______________ structural protein made of amino acids that form a ______________ structure

A

fibrous structural protein; repeating structure

23
Q

Keratin primarily _______ (5)

A
  1. carbon
  2. oxygen
  3. nitrogen
  4. hydrogen
  5. sulfur
24
Q

Keratin protects __________ cells and strengthens certain organs

A

epithelial cells

25
Q

Keratin plays a key role in ____________.

A

wound healing

26
Q

Keratin is the most abundant __________________

A

structural protein

27
Q

List the general properties of keratin

A
  1. biodegradable
  2. biocompatible
  3. insoluble in water
  4. chelation
  5. high stability
  6. absorbs formaldehyde
  7. high toughness
  8. high modulus
28
Q

List the 5 biomedical applications of keratin

A
  1. water purification and air cleansing
  2. wound healing
  3. bone regeneration
  4. hemostasis
  5. nerve repair
29
Q

what is silk fibroin and what is it composed of?

A

a fibrous protein made of 17 amino acids

30
Q

Where does silk fibroin come from?

A
  1. cocoon silk from silkworm
  2. spiders
31
Q

Silk fibroin is a _________ copolymer with ______________ and ___________ blocks

A

peptide copolymer
hydrophobic and hydrophilic blocks

32
Q

the hydrophobic blocks with short amino acids form _____________ through ____________ bonding.

A

crystals through H bonding

33
Q

Hydrophilic blocks are also with ___________ amino acids

A

charged

34
Q

What are the 7 general properties of silk fibroin?

A
  1. durability
  2. biocompatible
  3. lightweight
  4. high strength
  5. high toughness
  6. elastic
  7. stable under thermal conditions up to 250 C
35
Q

Solvent processed silk tends to ________________ than aqueous based

A

degrade slower

36
Q

If you regulate crystallinity of silk, you can alter ____________ (4)

A
  1. degradation rate
  2. pore size
  3. porosity
  4. MWD
37
Q

List the 4 processes for silkworm

A
  1. gas forming - develop scaffolds
  2. salt leaching
  3. electrospinning
  4. electro sprayings
38
Q

What is the limit to processing silk?

A

very difficult to produce in large quantities

BME 312 Exam 3 (6 decks)

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