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POLYMERSSS Flashcards

1
Q

Are compounds of high molecular weights formed by the combination of a large number of small repeating units

A

Polymers

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2
Q

TRIVIA: The following are characteristics of Polymers
1. Low Density
2. Low Coefficient of Friction
3. Good Corrosion Resistance
4. Good Moldability
5. Poor Tensile Strength
6. Low Mechanical Properties
7. Poor Temperature Resistance
8. Can Produce Transparent of Different Colors

A
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3
Q

The process in which the simple molecules (monomers) are converted into polymers.

A

Polymerization

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4
Q

What are the Four Application of Polymers?

A

Medicine, Consumer Science, Industry, and Sports

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5
Q

What are the five categories of polymers?

A

Homopolymer, Copolymer or Heteropolymer, Homochain Polymer, Heterochain Polymer, and Stereospecific Polymer or Tacticity

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6
Q

What are the three categories of homopolymer?

A

Linear Homopolymer, Branched Homopolymer, and Cross-linked Homopolymer

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7
Q

What are the four categories of copolymer?

A

Regular Copolymer, Random Copolymer, Block Copolymer, Graft Copolymer

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8
Q

What are the three categories of stereospecific polymer?

A

Isotactic Polymer, Syndiotactic Polymer, Atactic Polymer

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9
Q

If a polymer consists of identical monomers, it is…

A

Homopolymer

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10
Q

It is a polymer in which the constituent monomerics are joined together to form long straight chains

A

Linear Homopolymer

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11
Q

Polymers that consists of side chains attached to the main chain are called

A

Branched Homopolymer

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12
Q

Polymers with adjacent polymeric chains linked together through side chains to form a three-dimensional network structure are called

A

Cross-linked Homopolymers

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13
Q

A polymer that is made of more than one type of monomer is called

A

Copolymer

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14
Q

_____ ______ have monomeric units that are arranged regularly

A

Regular Copolymers

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15
Q

_______ _______ have monomeric units that are arranged randomly

A

Random Copolymer

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16
Q

________ _______ is a linear copolymer in which monomeric units appear as blocks

A

Block Copolymer

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17
Q

______ _______ is a branched copolymer with one type pf monomer in the backbore and another kind of monomer in the branches

A

Graft Copolymer

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18
Q

If the main chain is made up of the same species of atoms, it is a…

A

Homochain Polymer

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19
Q

If the main chain is made up of different atoms, it is a…

A

Heterochain Polymer

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20
Q

The arrangement of functional groups, either in an orderly or disorderly manner, with respect to the main chain is called…

A

Tacticity

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21
Q

Polymers in which the functional groups are located in the same side of the main chain are called…

A

Isotactic Polymers

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22
Q

The arrangement of functional groups in an alternating fashion around the main chain is called…

A

Syndiotactic Polymer

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23
Q

The arrangement of functional groups located in a random manner around the main chain is called…

A

Atactic Polymer

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24
Q

Polymers formed from two different monomers are called…

A

Copolymers

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25
Polymers can be made stiffer by introducing chemical bonds between chains. Forming bonds between chain is called…
Cross-linking
26
TRIVIA: the greater the number of cross-links, the more rigid the polymer
27
It is a form of step-growth polymerization
Condensation Polymerization or Stepwise Polymerization
28
It involves the linking of monomers with double bonds
Addition Polymerization or Chain Growth Polymerization
29
The growth of polymer chains proceeds by an addition reaction between molecules of any size
Addition Polymerization or Chain Growth Polymerization
30
It is a process discovered by the Charles Goodyear in 1839
Vulcanization of Rubber
31
They are polymeric solids that can be formed into various shapes, usually through heat or pressure
Plastics
32
Who discovered the vulcanization or rubber?
Charles Goodyear
33
When did Charles Goodyear discover the vulcanization of rubber?
1839
34
It is formed from a liquid resin derived from inner bark of the Hevea Brasiliensis Tree
Natural Rubber
35
It can be reheated, remolded, & cooled as necessary without causing chemical changes
Thermoplastics
36
A material that strengthens when heated but cannot be remolded or reheated after the initial forming
Thermoset
37
The liquid resin that is used to make natural rubber came from what tree…
Hevea Brasiliensis Tree
38
TRIVIA: The following are recyclables 1. PETE 2. HDPE 3. LDPE 4. PP
39
TRIVIA: The following are not recyclable 1. PVC 2. PS
40
They are prepared by the polymerization of ethylene under high pressure (1,000 - 5,000 atm) in the presence of oxygen
Low-Density Polyethylene
41
Ethylene can be polymerized at 6-7 atm at 60-70 degrees Celsius in the presence of Zeigler-Natta Catalyst
High-Density PolyEthylene
42
They are prepared from propylene
Polypropylene
43
It is the monomer used for the preparation of PVC
Vinyl Chloride
44
It is obtained by the polymerization of propylene in the presence of Zeigler-Natta catalyst
Polypropylene
45
A condensation polymer: this is the first synthetic fiber produced from simple molecules
Nylon 6,6 (Polyamides)
46
It is prepared by free-radical addition polymerization of water emulsion of tetrafluoro ethylene at high pressure in the presence of benzoyl peroxide
Teflon/Fluon/PolyTetrafluoro Ethylene
47
Its chemical name is Polyhexamethylene Adipamide
Nylon 6,6 (Polyamides)
48
It is prepared by the polymerization of acrylonitrile in the presence of peroxide
Acrylics/Polyacrylonitrile/Pan or Orlan/Acrilan
49
Are condesation polymers obtained by condensing phenol with formaldehyde in the pressure of an acid or alkali catalyst
Bakelite/Phenolic Resin/Phenoplast
50
It is obtained by the polymerization of adipic acid with hexamethylene diamine
Nylon 6,6 (Polyamides)
51
It is the most important and oldest of synthetic plastics
Bakelite/Phenolic Resin/Phenoplast
52
Are polymers which contain a carbonate group as a repeating unit; it is prepared by interaction of diphenyl carbonate with bisphenol-A
Polycarbonate PC (Lexan, Merlon)
53
Are condensation products of dicarboxylic acid with dihydroxy alcohols
Polyester Resins
54
Are cross-linked thermosetting resins
Epoxy Resins/Epoxide Polymers
55
It is a saturated polyester, prepared by the condensation of ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid
Polyester Resins
56
Prepared by condensing epichlorohydrin with Bisphenol-A, the reactive epoxide and hydroxyl groups give three-dimensional cross-linked structure
Epoxy Resins/Epoxide Polymers
57
Are polyesters because the monomeric units have an ether structure
Epoxy Resins/Epoxide Polymers
58
TRIVIA: The value of “n” in Epoxy Resins/Epoxide Polymers ranges from 1-20 and the molecular weight ranges between 350 - 8,000
59
They are materials with at least one, two, or three external dimensions in the nanoscale range of 1 to 100 nm
Nano-object
60
It is the science of nanoparticles or particles whose size varies from 1 to 100 nm in at least one dimension
Nanoscience
61
A nano-object with all three external dimensions in the 1 to 100 nm range and showing a property not evident in bulk materials
Nanoparticle
62
A thousand of a micron and a micron is a thousand of a millimeter; it is a millionth of a millimeter or 10^-9 meters
Nanometer
63
It exploits the size range for various chemical reactions and chemical purposes
Nanochemistry
64
They are materials that have structured components with a size of less than 10nm at least in one dimension
Nanomaterials
65
It is the design, characterization, production, and applications of structures, systems, and devices by controlling size and shape at a 10-nanometer scale or the single-atomic level
Nanotechnology
66
Are synthesized of machined (ranges from 2nm to 100nm)
Nanoparticle
67
What are the six properties of nanomaterials?
Melting Points, Optical Properties, Magnetic Properties, Mechanical Properties, Electrical Properties, and Chemical Properties
68
What are the two synthetic techniques?
Bottom-Up Approach and Topdown Approach
69
TRIVIA: nanomaterials have lower melting points and appreciably reduced lattice constants
70
What is the sequence of Sol-Gel Technique?
Barbusa Vulgaris Leaves to Gel Formation to Silica Nanoparticle to Silica Nanopartile Morphology
71
What is the Sol-Gel process?
1. Hydrolysis 2. Condensation 3-4. Aging and Drying 5. Calcination
72
It involves the formation of nanomaterials from the gas phase at elevated temperatures
Chemical Vapor Decomposition (CVD)
73
TRIVIA: The following are the applications of Synthesis of Nanoparticles 1. Antimicrobial 2. Cosmetics and Medical Appliances 3. Photoimaging 4. External Magnetic Field 5. Various Types of Human Cancer 6. Cell Labeling, Gene Delivery
74
A term used to describe the mechanism in which atoms are ejected from the surface of a material when that surface is stuck by sufficiency energetic particles
Sputtering
75
In this process, a pulsed laser vaporizes a graphite target in a high-temperature reactor while an inert gas is bled into the chamber
Laser Ablation
76
What are the five categories of nanomaterial?
Fullerenes, Ceramics, Metals, Quantum Dots, and Polymers
77
It is any molecule in the form of a hollow sphere, ellipsoid, or tubular structure composed entirely of carbon
Fullerene
78
It is a one atom thick planar sheet or carbon atoms densely packed in a honeycomb crystal lattice
Graphene
79
It is referred to as “BUCKY BALLS” — named after Buckminster Fuller
Buckminsterfullerene
80
It is also known as “BUCKY TUBES” and has a cylindrical structure in the form of a tube
Carbon Nanotubes (CNTs)
81
It resembles a hollow spherical geodesic dome that is like a soccer ball, made of twenty hexagons and twelve pentagons
Buckminsterfullerene
82
One of the most widely studied and used materials; it consists of tiny cylinders of carbon and other materials like boron nitride
Nanotubes
83
It is comprised of 60 carbon atoms
Buckminsterfullerene
84
What are the two structures of types of Nanotubes?
Single-Walled Nanotubes (SWNTs) and Multi-Walled Nanotubes (MWNTs)
85
It is a type of nanotube that consists of multiple layers of graphite rolled in on themselves to form a tube shape
Multi-Walled Nanotubes
86
It is an excellent conductor and consists of one tube of graphite
Single-Walled Nanotubes
87
It is one atom thick with a diameter of 2 nm and a length of 100 micrometers
Single-Walled Nanotubes
88
It exhibits both metallic and semi-conducting properties
Multi-walled Nanotubes
89
Used for storing fuels such as hydrogen and methane
Multi-Walled Nanotubes
90
What are the three structures of Single-Walled Nanotubes?
1. Arm-chair Structure (metallic) 2. Zig-zag Structure (semiconducting) 3. Chiral Nanotubes (semiconducting)
91
It is a structure of SWNTs that consists of lines of carbon bonds that are down the center
Zig-zig Structure
92
It is a structure of SWNTs that consists of lines of hexagons that are parallel to the axis of the nanotube
Arm-Chair Structure
93
It is a structure of SWNTs that exhibits twist or spiral around nanotubes
Chiral Nanotubes
94
What are the four synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes?
1. Pyrolysis 2. Laser Evaporation 3. Carbon Arc Method 4. Chemical Vapor Deposition
95
TRIVIA: The following are the properties of CNTs 1. Very strong 2. Atoms are continuously vibrating back and forth 3. Highly conducting 4. Has high thermal conductivity and kinetic properties
96
TRIVIA: CNTs are used in 1. Battery technology and industries 2. Lightweight shielding materials 3. The body for drug delivery 4. Composites
97
It constitute an intermediate state of matter between molecules and bulk materials
Nanocluster
98
An aspect ratio in the range of 1-20 with short dimension of the material being 10-100 nm; it is produced by chemical synthesis
Nanorods
99
They are smaller in diameter (4nm) and conducts electricity
Nanowires
100
They are slightly larger in diameter than the typical nanomaterial
Nanofibers
101
It is another form of nanomaterial and a specific type of semiconductor
Quantum Dots (nanocrystals)
102
They can absorb light and convert into electricity and vice versa. They can also convert one color of radiation into another
Quantum Dots (nanocrystals)
103
They are 2-10 nm in diameter
Quantum Dots (nanocrystals)

POLYMERS AND NANOTECHNOLOGY (1 decks)

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