Polymers and Amino Acids Flashcards by Paul Garai

Define an addition polymer

a long chain formed from many monomers
and no other product is formed

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What type of polymer is made many monomers
and no other product is formed

An addition polymer

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Define a condensation polymer

monomer molecules join to form a larger chain with a small molecule such as H2O or HCl being released

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What type of polymer is formed when monomer molecules join to form a larger chain with a small molecule such as H2O or HCl being released

a condensation polymer

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What are the two types of condensation polymers?

Polyester and polyamide

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What type of polymerisation forms polyesters and polyamides?

Condensation polymerisation

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What type of polymer has a non-polar carbon chain?

Addition polymers

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Why can’t addition polymers be hydrolysed and therefore are not biodegradable?

They have a strongly bonded non-polar carbon chain

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Which type of polymer is biodegradable?

Condensation polymers are biodegradable

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Why are condesation polymers biodegradable?

The delta positive C of the polar C=O bond can be attacked by nucleophiles

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Give one repeat unit

terylene

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Draw two repeat units of kevlar

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Name the monomers

benzene-1,4-diamine
benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid.

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How many waters are formed when a condensation polymer made from 2 types of monomer is made?

2n-1

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Name the repeated units used to make nylon 6,6

1,6-diaminohexane
Hexane-1,6-dicarboxylic acid

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Which two functional groups are need to make a polyester?

Alcohol and a Carboxylic Acid (or Acyl Chloride)

Which two functional groups are need to make a polyamine?

An Amine and a Carboxylic Acid (or Acyl Chloride)

What are the hydroylsis products of terylene in alkali/acid conditions?

What are the hydroylsis products of nylon 6,6 in alkali/acid conditions

What is the term for the group highlighted in yellow?

R group

Which of the groups in yellow reacts at neutral pH

None, at neutral pH a zwitterion form and the R group does not react

When does an amino acid form a zwitterion?

At neutral pH

Why do zwitterions have a high melting point?

They have ionic bonding

Draw the zwitterion of aspartic acid

Draw aspartic acid at high pH

Draw aspartic acid in NaOH

Draw lysine at low pH

Draw lysine in HCl

What type of protien structure is illustrated here?

Secondary | Secondary structures include alpha helix and beta pleated sheets which a

What type of protien structure is illustrated by the sequence -Ala - Lys - Asp - Ser - Ala- ?

Primary | Primary structure is the sequence of indiviual amino acids that make up

What type of bonding is illustrated here? How does it occur?

Hydrogen Bonding electron deficient H attracts the lone pair on the O

What type of bond determines tertiary protien structure?

Disulfide Bond

Cysteine can form a special type of bond - what is it?

Disulfide Bond

What type of protien structure is represented here?

Tertiary Structure | It shows further folding of the secondary structures and contains disulf

What type of bond is a disulfide bond?

A covalent bond between 2 sulfur atoms from two different cystiene amino acids

How does a peptide bond form between two amino acids?

How do you hydrolyse a peptide/protien?

Boil for 24 hours 6 moldm-3 HCl Cat