POLYMERS Flashcards

(48 cards)

1
Q

-are materials made of long, repeating chains of molecules. The materials have unique properties, depending on the type of molecules being bonded and how they are bonded. Some polymers bend and stretch, like rubber and polyester.

A

POLYMERS

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2
Q

is often used to describe plastics, which are synthetic polymers.

A

polymer

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3
Q

POLYMERS
when cooled;
when heated
if heated enough and meet the melting temp. the plastic becomes a

A

become brittle
become flexible
viscous fluid

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4
Q

Polymers can be both

A

thermal and electrical insulators

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5
Q

is evident in the kitchen with pot and pan handles made of polymers

A

Thermal resistance

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6
Q

is almost always faster in the presence of oxygen or air due to the accelerating reactions between oxygen and carbon-centered radicals released from the initial degradation products.

A

Polymer degradation

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7
Q

These interactions with oxygen result in an increased concentration of polymer alkyl radicals leading to .

A

higher levels of scission and cross-linked products

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8
Q

-denoting substances (especially synthetic resins) that become plastic on heating and harden on cooling, and are able to repeat these processes

A

THERMOPLASTICS

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9
Q

3 KINDS OF THERMOPLASTIC

A

POLYETHYLENE (PE), POLYPROPYLENE (PP), POLYSTYRENE

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10
Q

is a lightweight, durable thermoplastic with variable crystalline structure
It is one of the most widely produced plastics in the world (tens of millions of tons are produced worldwide each year).
used in applications ranging for films, tubes, plastic parts, laminates, etc. in several markets (packaging, automotive, electrical, etc.).

A

Polyethylene

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11
Q

Polyethylene chemical formula is

A

(C2H4)

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12
Q

is a tough, rigid and crystalline thermoplastic produced from propene (or propylene) monomer

A

Polypropylene

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13
Q

The chemical formula of polypropylene is

A

(C3H6)

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14
Q

is a versatile plastic used to make a wide variety of consumer products.
As a hard, solid plastic, it is often used in products that require clarity, such as food packaging and laboratory ware.
When combined with various colorants, additives or other plastics, polystyrene is used to make appliances, electronics, automobile parts, toys, gardening pots and equipment and more.

A

POLYSTYRENE

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15
Q

USES AND BENEFITS OF POLYSTYRENE

A

APPLIANCES , AUTOMOTIVE , FOODSERVICE , INSULATION , MEDICAL, PACKAGING

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16
Q

Refrigerators, air conditioners, ovens, microwaves, vacuum cleaners, blenders – these and other appliances often are made with polystyrene (solid and foam) because it is inert (doesn’t react with other materials), cost-effective and long-lasting.

A

APPLIANCES

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17
Q

Polystyrene (solid and foam) is used to make many car parts, including knobs, instrument panels, trim, energy absorbing door panels and sound dampening foam.

A

AUTOMOTIVE

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18
Q

also is widely used in child protective seats.

A

Foam polystyrene

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19
Q

Polystyrene foodservice packaging typically insulates better, keeps food fresher longer and costs less than alternatives.

A

FOOD SERVICE

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20
Q

Lightweight polystyrene foam provides excellent thermal insulation in numerous applications, such as building walls and roofing, refrigerators and freezers, and industrial cold storage facilities.

21
Q

is inert, durable and resistant to water damage

A

Polystyrene insulation

22
Q

Due to its clarity and ease of sterilization, polystyrene is used for a wide range of medical applications, including tissue culture trays, test tubes, petri dishes, diagnostic components, housings for test kits and medical devices

23
Q

Polystyrene (solid and foam) is widely used to protect consumer products. CD and DVD cases, foam packaging peanuts for shipping, food packaging, meat/poultry trays and egg cartons typically are made with polystyrene to protect against damage or spoilage.

24
Q

is an economical and versatile thermoplastic polymer widely used in building and construction industry to produce door and window profiles, pipes (drinking and wastewater), wire and cable insulation, medical devices, etc.

A

Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC or Vinyl)

25
It is the world’s third largest thermoplastic material by volume after polyethylene and polypropylene.
Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC or Vinyl)
26
It is a white, brittle solid material available in powder form or granules. Due to its versatile properties, such as lightweight, durable, low cost and easy processability, PVC is now replacing traditional building materials like wood, metal, concrete, rubber, ceramics, etc. in several applications.
PVC
27
used to make plastic parts using two-part molds that, when closed, are injected with melted plastic to form individual parts.
INJECTION MOLDING
28
use the same plastic melting operation as injection molding, but there is no mold, and the resin compressing screw rotates constantly, and product is created continuously.
EXTRUSION PROCESSES
29
uses a die, a hollow form that molten plastic is pushed through, to create its specific shape and thickness. A water bath or spray chamber then cool the extruded shape and often provide pressure and or vacuum controls to properly size the product as it passes through. Belts or cleated pullers apply smooth tension on the product and keep it moving in pace with the extruder.
EXTRUSION
30
create the final product length
CUTTER OR SAW
31
creates spools of the final product
winder
32
mixture of extrusion and molding
BLOW MOLDING PROCES
33
where plastic is continuously extruded into a tube shape and then clamped at a mold and blown into its shape with compressed air. It's a process that often operates in a shuttle movement with a set of molds.
BLOW MOLDING PROCESS
34
Each mold takes a turn grabbing a section of extruded tube called
PARACIN
35
The same blow molding process can also utilize multiple extruders for what is called
co-extrusion
36
is used to create bottles made up of multiple layers, and each layer possesses special characteristics
CO-EXTRUSION
37
creates a hollow tube, and as the wheel rotates, each of its molds will open, grab a paracin from the extruder die, blow the paracin into a bottle, allow it to cool, and then place it onto a conveyor, producing a continuous stream of finished bottles originating from that continuous flow of plastic from the extruder.
EXTRUDER
38
. The very popular sails of plastic bottles for carbonated beverages has created a unique process for blow molded bottles made specifically from
POLYETHYLENE TEREPHTHALATE OR PET
39
bottles are first created in a test tube shape, injection molded pre-form, and then, in a separate operation, reheated and blown into their final shape.
PET blow molding
40
thin plastic material for products like garbage bags or the sheeting used in construction industry and packaging are produced. A very thin die opening, which is often fed by multiple extruders, faces upward in a round shape. A tall, thin continuous bubble is produced vertically by this process, and it's cooled as it flows upward, typically 30 feet or more, where it is then folded and brought back down and placed onto rolls, or converted into popular film products.
blown film extrusion process
41
most popular method used to produce hollow containers impact uses a variety of raw material during the blow molding process depending on the container application and its expected performance
PLASTIC BLOW MOLDING PROCESS
42
The raw material in granular form is fed via a __________ into the feed barrel which is heated to help melt the granule and evenly disperse the colorant called ______________________.
hopper, master batch
43
A molten tube of plastic called a __________ is extruded from the machine head and cut with a hot blade it is then captured by a water-cooled mold and a blowing nozzle is inserted into the paracin.
paracin
44
A blast of pressurized air is blown into the paracin forcing the hot plastic to take on the shape of the mold this process is called .
blow molding
45
Once cooled and solidified inside them all the machine opens the mold and the brand-new container is ejected the container is transferred to a d flasher that removes the excess known as the _____.
tail
46
This excess is conveyed to the beginning of the process to be .
ground and reuse
47
GROUND AND REUSE is known as a
closed-loop system
48
Once the jars leave the machines they are then conveyed to a trimmer which removes the remaining excess called the ______ , which in turn is collected and added to the closed-loop system.
last head