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Chem > Polymer > Flashcards

Polymer Flashcards

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1
Q

What are polymers

A

High molecular masses formed by the combination of a large number of simple molecule

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2
Q

What are monomers

A

Simple molecules which combine to give polymers.

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3
Q

What is polymerization

A

The process by which the simple molecule i.e. monomers are converted into polymers is called polymerization

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4
Q

Classification of polymers

A

1)Natural polymers
2)synthetic polymers
3)semi synthetic polymers

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5
Q

Natural polymers

A

The polymers obtained from nature plants and animals are called natural polymers. These polymers are very essential for life
1) starch -polymer of glucose
2) cellulose
3) protein
4) nucleic acid

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6
Q

What is starch?

A

It it is a polymer of glucose and it is food reserve of plant

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7
Q

What is cellulose?

A

Also a polymer of glucose it is a Chief structural material of the plant both starch and cellulose are made by plant from glucose produced during photosynthesis.

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8
Q

Protein

A

these are polymers of alpha amino acid they have generally 20 to 1000 alpha amino acid join together in a highly organized arrangement these are building blocks of animal body and constitute an essential part of our food

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9
Q

Nucleic acid

A

These are polymers of various nucleotide for example RNA and DNA are common nucleotide

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10
Q

Polysaccharide

A

Starch and cellulose

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11
Q

Biopolymers

A

which control various life processes in plants and animals are called bio polymers
Starch, cellulose, protein, nucleic acid

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12
Q

Synthetic polymer

A

Which are prepared in laboratory also called man made polymers.
Examples are polythene, PVC, nylon, Teflon, bakelite, terylene, synthetic rubber

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13
Q

Semisynthetic

A

This polymers are mostly derived from naturally occurring polymers by chemical modifications for example cellulose is naturally occurring polymer.
cellulose on acetylation with acetic anhydride in the presence of sulphuric acid form cellulose diacetate polymer.

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14
Q

Examples of semisynthetic polymer

A

Cellulose acetate, nitrate, vulcanized rubber , rayon
These are thermoplastic polymers.

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15
Q

Cellulose nitrate

A

Gun cotton. Which is used in making explosive 🧨🧨🧨

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16
Q

Vulcanized rubber

A

Used in making tyres

17
Q

Cellulose acetate

A

Use din making threads and material like films glasses

18
Q

Cellophane

A

Viscose rayon in the form of thin transparent film is known as cellophane. It is softened with glycerol. It absorbs water

19
Q

Rayon

A

Cellulose is treated is treated with cold NaOH solution to purify it and the treated with CS2 to form viscos solution. The solution is allowed to pass through fine pores in metal cylinder into a dilute solution of H2SO4 this result in the formation of long fibres.
It is chemically identical to cotton. But has a shine like silk

20
Q

Neoprene

A

Ch2=CCl-CH=CH2 chloroprene.
Used in making automobile, refrigerator parts and electric wires

21
Q

Styrene

A

Buna S
CH2=CH-CH=CH2
C6H5-CH=CH2
SBR
butadiene 75%+ styrene 25%
Used in making tyres and other mechanical rubber

22
Q

Butyl rubber

A

Isobutylene CH2=C(CH3)2 98%
isoprene CH2=CCH3-CH=CH2 2%
Used in making tyres,toys and tables

23
Q

Nitrile rubber

A

Butadiene CH2=CH-CH=CH2 75%
Acrylonitrile CH2=CH-CN 25%
Used in making fuel tank

24
Q

Polysulphide rubber (thiokol)

A

Ethylene dichloride Cl-CH2-CH2-Cl
Sodium tetrasulphide
Used in hoses, tank lining, engine gasket, rocket fuel

25
Q

Silicone rubber

A

Chlorosilane S(Cl)2 (CH3)2

26
Q

Polyurethane rubber

A

OH-CH2=CH2-OH ethylene glycol
O=C=N-CH=CN-N=c=O
Ethylene diisocyanate
Used in the manufacture of fibre, paints, and heat insulator

27
Q

LDPE
Low density polyethene

A

CH2=CH2
Transparent, moderate tensile strength, high toughness
Making material carry bags, insulation for electric wires

28
Q

HDPE
High density polyethene

A

CH2=CH2
High density polymer
Translucent chemically inert, greater tensile strength, toughness
Used in making 🪣 bucket, tubs, houseware, pipes, bottles

29
Q

Polypropylene pp

A

CH3-CH=CH2
Homopolymer
Linear, chain growth
Harder and stronger than polyethene
Used in packing of textiles and food

Chem (4 decks)

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