Polyesters

Question 1

What are polyesters

Answer 1

Polymers in which the monomers are linked together by ester groups

Question 2

What is a condensation reaction

Answer 2

A reaction in which molecules join together by splitting off a small molecule eg water

Question 3

What is a condensation polymers

Answer 3

A polymer formed by a series of condensation reactions

Question 4

How are polyesters formed

Answer 4

By condensation reactions between dicarboxylic acid and diol / monomers that have both carboxylic acid group and -OH group/ dioyl chloride and diol to produce ester linkage and water

Question 5

What is terylene (PET) made of

Answer 5

Ethane-1,2-diol and benzene-1,4-di carboxylic acid

Question 6

Uses of PET

Answer 6

-plastic containers for fizzy drinks
-fibres to make clothing as hard wearing, washable and relatively cheap

Question 7

Why are polyesters biodegradable and what does this mean

Answer 7

As can be broken down through hydrolysis due to the polarity within the polymer molecules so can be broken down easily in nature by naturally occurring water/moisture so can be put into landfill where they will gradually break down

Question 8

Name of glycerol

Answer 8

Propan-1,2,3-triol

Question 9

What does unsaturated fatty acid form

Answer 9

Oils, lower boiling point and are liquid at room temp

Question 10

What does saturated fatty acid form

Answer 10

Fat, solid at room temp due to higher bp

Question 11

How is soap made from fats/oils, what is process called and why are these salts used

Answer 11

When heated with sodium hydroxide, process called saponification, used as soaps as they have hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties