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Gen Med Unit 4 > Polycystic Kidney Disease > Flashcards

Polycystic Kidney Disease Flashcards

1
Q

What is the etiology of pkd?

A

Autosomal dominant Inherited disorder

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2
Q

Describe how a pk looks

A

multiple, bilateral, grape like clusters of fluid filled cysts that enlarge the kidneys

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3
Q

How do the cysts affect the kidney?

A

Cysts eventually compress and replace functioning renal tissue

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4
Q

What genes are affected in pkd?

A

ADPKD1 & ADPKD2

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5
Q

What is the most common inherited disease of the kidneys?

A

PKD

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6
Q

How prevalent is PKD?

A

1 in 800 live births

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7
Q

What percentage of ESRD is attributed to PKD?

A

10%

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8
Q

How long can pple live without developing symptoms?

A

Most patients live for several decades without developing symptoms

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9
Q

What structure of the kidney do the cysts grow out of?

A

Nephrons

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10
Q

True/False. The kidneys enlarge along with the cysts

A

True

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11
Q

Approximately how many cysts can be present in a kidney?

A

THousands

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12
Q

How much can a cyst-filled kidney weigh?

A

20-30 lbs!

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13
Q

What disorder commonly occurs along with PKD?

A

HTN by age 20-30

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14
Q

What disorder are pkd pts at a high risk for?

A

cerebral aneurysm

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15
Q

Sxs of PKD

A
  1. Abdominal or Flank Pain 2.Hematuria: Microscopic or gross
  2. Family history PKD
  3. HTN
  4. Palpable kidneys
  5. +/- hepatic or pancreatic cysts
  6. Most cases are asymptomatic & physical condition appears normal for many years, so the disease can go unnoticed
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16
Q

What are the ua results for PKD?

A

Hematuria

Proteinuria

17
Q

What are the renal us results for pkd?

A

Confirms diagnosis

  1. < 30 yrs: 2 or more cysts has 89% sensitivity
  2. 30-59 yrs: 2 or more cysts in each kidney has sensitivity of 100%
  3. 60 yrs or >: 4 or more cysts in each kidney has sensitivity of 100%
18
Q

What genetic studies can be performed for pkd?

A

ADPKD1 and ADPKD2

19
Q

What tx is used for abd or flank pain?

A

Pain management

Abd or flank pain caused by infection, bleeding or kidney stones

20
Q

What tx is used for hematuria?

A

Hydration and bed rest

21
Q

What tx is used for bp management?

A

ACE I or ARB to suppress RAAS

22
Q

What tx is used for infection?

A

abx prn

23
Q

What is used to rule out cerebral aneurysm in pkd pts?

A

Neurosurgery

24
Q

What is the eventual tx for all pkd pts?

A

Kidney transplant or dialysis

25
Q

true/false. Kidney transplants will develop cysts in a pt with pkd

A

False. Healthy—non-PKD—kidneys transplanted into PKD patients do not develop cysts

26
Q

How long does renal failure appear after symptoms occur?

A

In most cases of PKD, renal failure develops about 10 years after symptoms appear

Gen Med Unit 4 (7 decks)

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