Polyatomic Ions Flashcards
Which polyatomics contain oxygen? What names do they end in? Which names do they begin with? Which of these polyatomics behave the same?
Oxyanions. Names end in -ate or -ite. -Ate is used for the most common form. -Ite is used for the form with the same charge, but one less oxygen.
Example: NO3 (charge = -1) = nitrate
NO2 (charge = -1) = nitrite
Per- indicates one more oxygen than the -ate form (“PERfect = overachieving”). Hypo- indicates one fewer oxygen than the -ite form.
Example: ClO4 (charge = -1) = perchlorate (one more O than -ate form)
ClO3 (charge = ^) = chlorate (most common form)
ClO2 (^) = chlorite (one less O than -ate form)
ClO (^) = hypochlorite (one less O than -ite form)
F, Cl, Br, and I all behave the same. Therefore, for example, if chlorate is ClO3 (charge = -1), the bromate ion is BrO3 (charge = -1).
Acetate (2 ways to write it)
C2H3O2 (charge = -1) or CH3COO (charge = -1)
Bromate
BrO3 (charge = -1)
Chlorate
ClO3 (charge = -1)
Chlorite
ClO2 (charge = -1)
Cyanide
CN-
Hydrogen carbonate or Bicarbonate
HCO3 (charge = -1)
Hydroxide
OH-
Hypochlorite
ClO-
Iodate
IO3 (charge = -1)
Nitrate
NO3 (charge = -1)
Nitrite
NO2 (charge = -1)
Permanganate
MnO4 (charge = -1)
Perchlorate
ClO4 (charge = -1)
Thiocyanate
SCN-
