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Senior Year Tri 3 > Poly sci - unit 3 > Flashcards

Poly sci - unit 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Bicameral Legislature

A

a two-chamber legislature

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2
Q

U.S. House of Reps qualifications (3) and characteristics (8)

A

Characteristics:

  • 435 members
  • 2 year term
  • election every 2 years
  • no term limits
  • single-member district
  • smaller constituency
  • strict rules on debate
  • “lower house”

Qualifications:

  • 25 years old
  • citizen for at least 7 years
  • legal resident of the state
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3
Q

U.S. Senate qualifications (3) and characteristics (8)

A 
Characteristics:
- 100 members
- 6 year term
- election every 2 years
  ~ continuous body - staggered
- no term limits
- at-large
- larger constituency 
- less rules on debate, filibuster
- "upper house"

Qualifications:

  • 30 years old
  • citizen for at least 9 years
  • legal resident of the state
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4
Q

Which house of Congress is more prestigious? Why?

A

The Senate; it has more power and control

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5
Q

Major function of congress. Define legislature.

A

both mean - to make laws that govern society

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6
Q

Why is the senate called a continuous body?

A

Because all seats are never the same, therefore reelections are staggered

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7
Q

What does at-large mean?

A

that the Senators represent the entire state as a whole

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8
Q

Who elects US Representatives? Define single-member district. (2)

A

The voters in the state

Single-member district: electoral district in which only one candidate is elected to each office

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9
Q

Session

A

A period of time during which a legislature meets to conduct business (basically when the people are in congress)

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10
Q

Special Session

A

When the congress is adjourned, but the president calls back

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11
Q

Census bureau / census

A

in order to assign representation according to population, the bureau takes a population count (census) every 10 years

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12
Q

Reapportionment

A

The population of each state determines the new number of representatives to which each is entitled

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13
Q

Who draws boundary lines for Congressional Districts?

A

State Legislators

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14
Q

Redistricting

A

setting up new district lines after reapportionment

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15
Q

Gerrymandering

A

when states draw unfair district lines in order to favor or limit the voting strength of a particular group (form of discrimination)

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16
Q

Wesberry v. Sanders, 1964

A

ruled that district populations must be equal “one person, one vote” no malapportionment

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17
Q

27th amendment

A

prohibits any law that increases or decreases the salary of members of Congress from taking effect until the start of the next set of terms of office for representatives

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18
Q

27th amendment

A

prohibits any law that increases or decreases the salary of members of Congress from taking effect until the start of the next set of terms of office for representatives

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19
Q

Censure

A

a vote of formal disapproval of a member’s actions

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20
Q

Incumbent

A

an official running for election that is already in congress (reelection)

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21
Q

Constituent

A

the people whom a member of Congress has been elected to represent (general population)

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22
Q

House Rule

A

geared towards moving legislature quickly, controlled by majority party

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23
Q

Standing

A

permanent committees in congress that oversees bills that deal with certain kinds of issues

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24
Q

Select Committee

A

a temporary committee that is formed to study one specific issue and report it its findings to the Senate or to the House

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25
Q

Joint Committee

A

Usually acts as a study group and reports its findings back to the House and the Senate

26
Q

Conference Committee

A

a temporary / joint committee set up when the House and the Senate have passed different versions of the same bill

27
Q

Speaker of the House

A

The presiding officer and the most powerful person in the House of Reps.

28
Q

Who is the president of the Senate?

A

Vice President

29
Q

Who presides over the Senate when the VP is absent?

A

President Pro Tempore

30
Q

Majority leader

Minority leader

A
  • floor leader of his/her party who schedules legislation and steers bills through the House
  • elects its own leader; virtually has all the same responsibilities as a majority leader, but has no power to over-scheduling work in the House
31
Q

Whip

A

assistant floor leader who monitors and guides their party member’s intentions

32
Q

filibuster

A

a method of defeating a bill in the Senate by stalling the legislative process and preventing a vote

33
Q

Seniority system

A

a system that gives the member of the majority party with the longest uninterrupted service on a particular committee the leadership of that committee

34
Q

quorum

A

the minimum number of members who must be present to permit a legislative body to take official action

35
Q

Expressed (Enumerated) Powers

give some examples

A

written in the constitution

ex. power to tax, foreign relations & war powers, and declare war

36
Q

Implied Powers

give some examples

A

derived from the Necessary and Proper Clause

ex: drafting people into armed forces, fixing minimum wages and maximum work hours, prohibiting discrimination in public accomodations

37
Q

Naturalization

A

the legal process by which a person is granted citizenship

38
Q

copyright

A

the exclusive right to publish and sell a literary, musical, or artistic work for a specified period of time

39
Q

patent

A

exclusive rights of an inventor to manufacture, use, and sell his or her invention for a specific period of time

40
Q

Gibbons v. Ogden, 1824

A

dealt with who has the authority to allow rights to operate steamboats on state waterways

41
Q

Heart of Atlanta Motel v. United States, 1964

A

dealt with whether the National Congress could outlaw discrimination in places of public accommodation

42
Q

How a bill becomes a law (7)

A
  1. introduced in either house
  2. committee action
  3. bill on the floor for a vote (if passed it moves onto the other house)
  4. Bill moves to other house for debate and voting
  5. if same version of bill passes in both houses it’s sent to the president — if its a different version it must be sent to a Conference Committee
  6. President passes, vetoes, or leaves it idle for it to pass or die
  7. A vetoed bill can pass with 2/3 override in both Houses of Congress
43
Q

Rider

A

attached provision to a bill not related to bill’s subject matter

44
Q

Rider

A

attached provision to a bill not related to bill’s subject matter

45
Q

“Christmas Tree Bills”

A

sometimes lawmakers attach many unrelated riders simply to benefit their constituents and resembles a Christmas tree with ornaments

46
Q

Pigeonholing

A

to kill a bill in Committee, set it aside with no hearing

47
Q

veto

A

rejection of a bill

48
Q

pocket veto

A

when a president kills a bill passed during the last 10 days Congress is in its session by simply resisting to act on it

49
Q

How can Congress override a veto?

A

by getting a 2/3rd vote from BOTH houses of Congress

50
Q

Resolutions (3)

A

passed by the Congress

used to deal with unusual or temporary matters

other types include: simple, joint, or concurrent resolutions

51
Q

Which House has the power to impeach (bring charges against) a public official?

A

House of Representatives

52
Q

Other duties of Congress other than making laws (3)

A

lay and collect taxes

coin money

regulate commerce

53
Q

Where a bill is first debated, amended, and voted on after given its title and number

A

Committee action in either house

54
Q

number of bills that are proposed in any Congressional Session?

A

Approximately 7,000-10,000

55
Q

Options the president has when receiving a bill on his desk

A
  1. pass the bill
  2. veto the bill
  3. leave the bill idle where it will pass if 10 days of Congressional Session pass
  4. pocket veto - leave the bill idle and it dies because Congress adjourns before 10 days go by
56
Q

Who has the power to call special sessions of Congress at the National level and at the State level? (2)

A

the President

Governors

57
Q

What is the term used to refer to Congressional powers that is specifically stated in the Constitution?

A

Expressed or enumerated

58
Q

The first female Speaker of the House

A

Nancy Pelosi

59
Q

When are Congressional Elections held?

A

Tuesday following the first Monday in November every even numbered year

60
Q

Partisan

A

members of congress who vote according to their Party’s wishes

Senior Year Tri 3 (3 decks)

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