polticial parties p14-18 (lab,con,libs) Flashcards
1
Q
when was the Labour Party founded
A
1900
2
Q
when was the period of Old Labour
A
1945-1994
2
Q
key IDEAS of Old Labour
A
- EQUALITY - everyone is equal, no one is superior in society
- COLLECTIVISM - society should work together to achieve common goals and improve everyone’s well-being
- CAPITALISM - needs to be controlled
- SOCIAL JUSTICE - all should have access to a decent standard of living
- CLASS - any class divisions are problematic in society
3
Q
examples of the key ideas of Old Labour reflected in policies
A
- EQUALITY - tax should be used to reduce differences in income
- COLLECTIVISM - welfare funded by taxes so everyone is entitled to it/ strong trade unions to defend workers’ rights
- CAPITALISM - key industries should be nationalised (put them under gov control)
- SOCIAL JUSTICE - free education and welfare/ strong laws for equal rights
- CLASS - economic management to control unemployment
4
Q
when was the New Labour and what was its other name
A
1994-2010
Third Way
5
Q
key IDEAS of New Labour (Third Way)
A
- INDIVIDUALISM - realise own potential of each person
- FREE MARKET - accepted as the best form of wealth creation
- WELFARE STATE - support welfare state and increase spending
- SOCIAL JUSTICE - all should have access to a decent standard of living
- COMMUNITARIANISM - all have responsibility to care for the community collectively
6
Q
examples of the key ideas of the New Labour (Third Way) in policies
A
- INDIVIDUALISM - low income tax to encourage work/home ownership encouraged/small businesses encouraged
- FREE MARKET - no more nationalisation/ reduce corporate taxes to encourage enterprise/ trade unions weak to ensure free labour markets
- WELFARE STATE - more spending on health and education
- SOCIAL JUSTICE - guarantee living standards/ strong laws for equal rights against discrimination/ minimum wage
- COMMUNITARIANISM - caring attitude towards environment/emphasis on schools and strong social services
7
Q
free market definition
A
- economic system where businesses decide what to make and sell based on what people want to buy
- little or no government control
- Prices are set by supply and demand
- companies compete freely to attract customers.
8
Q
the Labour Party under Gordon Brown
A
- 2007-2010
- took over from Tony Blair
- handled the banking collapse in 2008
- he was unpopular with the public
- he reigned after failing to form a coalition government with the lib dems after the 2010 election.
- this led to the first peacetime coalition between the Lib Dems and Conservatives in UK history
9
Q
the Labour Party under Ed Miliband
A
- 2010-2015
- bad reputation when becoming PM - involved in an unnecessary war and economic incompetence after the recession in 2008.
- he struggled to balance his more left-wing views with the desire to appeal to both middle and working classes
10
Q
the Labour Party under Jeremy Corbyn
A
- 2015 - 2020
- more left wing
- reintroduction of the 50p tax rate
- re-nationalisation of water, railways and royal mail
- increase in corporation tax
11
Q
momentum
A
- organisation that supports the pro- Corbyn wing of the Labour Party
- mobilising supporters online and on the doorstep
- mostly young activists - social media
- 2018 had 35,000 activists
12
Q
what is one nation conservatism - summary part 1 under Benjamin Disraeli
A
- PM - Benjamin Disraeli (PM in 1867 and 18174-80)
- he was worried about the divisions between rich and poor
- he thought conditions of the working class needed to be improved
- paternalistic
- social unity
- rich people should provide aid to the poor
13
Q
paternalism definition
A
acting in the interests of others who can’t make informed decisions themselves (as fathers do)
14
Q
what is one nation conservatism - summary part 2 post-war period
A
- Harold Macmillan and Edward Heath
- thought the state should promote economic growth,
- provide a welfare (paid by higher taxes)
- and trade unions playing a more important role in society
