Pollution Flashcards
Membrane bio reactors
Waste water is treated using biological waste water treatment methods and passed through a membrane.
Sustainable aviation fuel
Bio jet fuel
India and Brazil generating
Reduces co2 emission by 80%
Minamata convention
Minamata disease
First globally legally binding
Ban on mercury mines
Phase out existing ones
Phase out mercury products
UNEP INITIATIVE FOR mercury pollution
Phase out mercury measuring devices in healthcare
Members : albania, burkina faso, India, Montenegro and Uganda
Minamata disease effects
Toxic on nervous, digestive and immune systems, lungs, kidney, skin eyes effected
Chronic neurological disorder by methyl mercury
Components in acid rain
Sulphur or nitrogen oxides, making rain acidic
Types of plastics and uses, in order
PET : bottles soft drink
PE HD : bottles detergent
PVC : pipes because chemically inert, tocic
PE LD :
PP : HEAT RESISTANT, FOOD STORAGEgarbage, grocery bag
PS : styrofoam
OTHERS
WHO air quality guidelines
ANNUAL, 24 HOURS
PM 2.5. 5, 15
PM 10. 15, 45
OZONE. 60, 100
NO2. 10, 25
SO2. ., 40
CO. ., 4
National ambient air quality standards
PM2.5 40, 60
PM10 60, 100
NO2 40, 80
SO2 50, 80
CENTRAL POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD
R2 standards
Sustainable electronics recycling international
R2 certification : reputation for company
refers to the Responsible Recycling (R2) standard, a set of guidelines and principles designed to ensure environmentally and socially responsible electronics recycling, covering areas like worker health, environmental protection, data security, and process management.
Copper smelting plants
Heavy metal leaching into the environment
Sulphur dioxide as pollutant
Petroleum refinery products
FUELS :
Petrol
Diesel
Kerosene
Jet fuel
LPG
PETROCHEMICAL:
Naptha
Ethane, Butane, Propane
Others :
Lubricants
Waxes
Asphalt
Petroleum jelly
Petroleum coke
Thickness of single use plastic banned
Less than 120 micron
Soil health card introduced by
Ministry of agriculture and farmers welfare
12 health trackers every 3 years
National ganga council
Chairperson : PM
VICE Chairperson : union minister for jal shakti
Magnetite particles source and side effects
Air pollutants
Sources : vehicle braking system, diesel petrol exhaust ( when fuel is combusted in engine ), power plants, mining etc
Side effects : neurodegenerative diseases like alzheimer, cardiovascular disease and inflammatory reactions
Benzene pollution sources and side effects
Natural causes : Volcano, fire
Others : crude oil, gasoline and cigarette smoke
Low to moderate toxicity, but toxic when concentrated
Indoor exposure sources : furniture waxes, paint, glues, detergent
Polyurethane used in furniture and insulation when decomposes produces, benzene, toluene, acetone, propene, HCN, CO
Plasma gasification
Uses electric arc to ionise air used for creating syngas from waste, to be used as fuel
Microbeads size
Less than 5 mm
Burning biomass produces what
Particulate matter
VOC : volatile organic compound
Carbon monoxide
Co2
Biofuel blending target in india
20 percent to petrol by 2030
5 percent to diesel by 2030
Types of biofuels
Bio diesel : formed by transesterification of vegetables oil and animal fats
Bio ethanol : microbial fermentation of waste, increates octane, flexible fuel vehicles can use 85 percent blend
Bio gas : anaerobic digestion
Bio CNG : butanol, highest energy content among other gasoline
Biojet
Bio diesel
Bio methanol : from syngas
Generations of biofuels
1st : edible good source
2nd : non food waste or biomass
3rd : co2 capture, algae
4th : genetic engineering
Types of bio remediation
Bio stimulation
Bio augmentation
Intrinsic bio remediation
