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ENS195 > Pollution > Flashcards

Pollution Flashcards

1
Q

4 Stages of Demographic Transition

A

Preindustrial
Transitional
Industrial
Postindustrial

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2
Q

What are the 9 environmental problems that naturally degrade the environment?

A

Air Pollution
Climate Change
Shrinking Forests
Soil Erosion
Decreased wildlife habitat
Species Extinction
Aquifer Depletion
Declined ocean fisheries
Water Pollution

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3
Q

Represents the amount of oxygen consumed by bacteria and other microorganisms while they decompose organic matter under aerobic (oxygen is present) conditions at a specified temperature.

A

Biochemical Oxygen Demand

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4
Q

Involves studying how chemicals (toxicants), biological agents
(disease), and physical hazards (accidents, radiation) affect the
health of human populations

A

Epidemiology

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5
Q

PCB?

A

Polychlorinated biphenyls

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6
Q

P x A x T = I
Meaning?

A

Population x Consumption per person (Affluence) x Technological Impact = Impact of Pollution

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7
Q

Once risks have been characterized, this information can help inform decisions about risk. Unsa mani na finalest step sa risk assessment?

A

Risk Management

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8
Q

Pollution Prevention (katung six kabuok)

A

Material Selection
Waste Gen Mechanisms
Operating Conditions
Material Storage and Transfer
Energy Consumption
Process Safety

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9
Q

“…When you can measure what you are speaking about,
and express it in numbers, you know something about
it…”

A

William Thomson (Lord Kelvin)

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10
Q

Pollutant Categories

A

Organic
Inorganic
Organometallic
Acid
Physical
Radioactive
Biological

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11
Q

Studies the effects of toxicants on living organisms

A

Toxicology

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12
Q

3M’s VP Joe Ling with 3P

A

Pollution Prevention Pays

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13
Q

Increased concentration of toxic
chemicals, such as PCBs, heavy
metals, and certain pesticides, in
the tissues of organisms that are
at higher levels in food webs

A

Biological magnification

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14
Q

Buildup of a
persistent toxic substance, such as
certain pesticides, in an
organism’s body, often in fatty
tissues

A

Bioaccumulation

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15
Q

Waste Management Pyramid

A

Prevention
Minimization
Reuse
Recycle
Recovery
Disposal

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16
Q

Contamination of the environment by a
chemical or other agent such as noise or heat that is harmful
to health, survival, or activities of humans or other organisms

A

Pollution

17
Q

Dose at which 50% of the population dies

A

LD-50

18
Q

Used to indicate response (e.g. reduced enzyme
activity), or onset of specific symptoms (e.g. nausea)

A

TD-50 (Toxic dose)

19
Q

Adverse effects that occur within a short period after high-level
exposure to a toxicant

A

Acute toxicity

20
Q

Unsa na gas ang naleak sa Bhopal Gas Tragedy?

A

Methyl isocyanate

21
Q

When ang Bhopal Gas Tragedy?

A

December 2-3, 1984

22
Q

Adverse effects that occur after a long period of low-level exposure to a
toxicant

A

Chronic Toxicity

23
Q

5 Life Cycle Phases

A

Raw Material Extraction
Production
Transport
Product Use
Disposal

24
Q

Natural Capital = ____ + _____

A

Natural Resources + Natural Services

25
Q

Dose at which an effect is observed in 50% of the
population

A

ED-50 (Effective dose)

26
Q

Four Steps of Risk Assessment

A

Hazard Identification
Dose-response Assessment
Exposure Assignment
Risk Characterization

27
Q

The idea that new technologies, practices, or materials
should not be adopted until there is strong evidence that
they will not adversely affect human or environmental
health

A

Precautionary Principle

28
Q

4 Management and Law

A

Product Planning
Design
Manufacturing
Sales/Services

29
Q

The
natural environment and
the biodiversity contained
within that is necessary for
the provision of the
ecosystem goods and
services “essential to basic
human needs such as
survival, climate regulation,
habitat for other species,
water supply, food, fiber,
fuel, recreation, cultural
amenities, and the raw
materials required for all
economic production”

A

Natural Capital

30
Q

“a chemical out of place”

A

Pollutant

31
Q

Give 5 Global Goals for Sustainable Development

A

No Poverty
No hunger
Good health
Quality Education
Gender Quality
Clean Water and Sanitation
Renewable Energy
Basta daghan pa, kapoy nag type

32
Q

Overall rank of Philippines in terms sa Environmental Performance Index

A

114

33
Q

Severity of health adverse effects

A

Response

34
Q

Amount of exposure

A

Dose

ENS195 (1 decks)

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