Pollination Flashcards
To be able to define what is pollination. To be able to explain the difference between self and cross pollination. To be able to state the methods of pollination. To be able to explain the difference between insect and wind pollination. To be able to explain the adaptations of flowers that show insect and wind pollination.
What is the male part of the flower called?
Stamen
The stamen consists of the anther and filament.
What are the components of the stamen?
Anther and filament
The stamen is the male reproductive part of the flower.
What is the female part of the flower called?
Carpel
The carpel consists of the ovary, stigma, and style.
What are the components of the carpel?
Ovary, stigma, and style
The carpel is the female reproductive part of the flower.
Where is the male gamete produced?
Anther
The male gamete is found inside the pollen grain.
What is the male gamete found inside?
Pollen grain
The pollen grain contains the male gamete.
Where is the female gamete found?
Ovary
The female gamete is called an ovum.
What is pollination?
The transfer of mature pollen grains from an anther to a stigma of a flower in the same species.
What are the two types of pollination?
Self pollination and cross-pollination.
Define self-pollination.
The transfer of pollen grains from the anther of a flower to the stigma of the same flower or different flower on the same plant.
Define cross-pollination.
The transfer of pollen grains from the anther of a flower to the stigma of a flower on a different plant of the same species.
Which type of pollination is more beneficial for genetic variation?
Cross-pollination
Cross-pollination promotes genetic diversity and adaptability.
List adaptations that prevent self-pollination.
- Dioecy
- Self-incompatibility
- Protandry
- Protogyny
- Structural adaptations
What is dioecy?
The condition of having male and female flowers on separate plants.
What is self-incompatibility?
A mechanism where pollen cannot fertilize the same plant.
What are protandry and protogyny?
Protandry is when stamens mature before stigmas, and protogyny is when stigmas mature before stamens.
What are some characteristics of insect-pollinated flowers?
- Sticky stigma
- Brightly colored petals
- Nectar and scent
- Pollen with barbs
- Anthers positioned to rub pollen onto insects
What are some characteristics of wind-pollinated flowers?
- Small, green petals
- Feathery stigma
- Exposed anthers
- Very small, light pollen grains
- No scent or nectary
True or False: Cross-pollination results in offspring with very similar genetic material to the parent plant.
False
Cross-pollination increases genetic variation.
Fill in the blank: The male gamete is called an __________.
Sperm cell
Fill in the blank: The female gamete is called an __________.
Ovum
