Politics Final

Question 1

Criminal Law

Answer 1

Law that involves the violations of public rights and duties, which create a social harm

Question 2

Civil Law

Answer 2

Matters that are considered private concerns between individuals. Laws such as personal injury, contracts, property and administrative laws.

Question 3

Stare Decisis

Answer 3

a legal doctorine stating that a high court should follow its own prior decision in future cases.

Question 4

Amicus Curiae

Answer 4

someone, not a party to a case, volunteers to offer information to assist a court in deciding a matter.

Question 5

Trial courts

Answer 5

courts you normally think of. Hear witnesses and evidence, jury or judge makes a decision

Question 6

Appellate Courts

Answer 6

deals with lower courts rulings. Does Not normally hear evidence or witnesses. Only judges make a decision

Question 7

Jurisdiction

Answer 7

whether or not a court has the power to hear a given case

Question 8

Federal Courts

Answer 8

will hear cases that involve issues touching on the constitution or other federal laws

Question 9

Habeas Corpus

Answer 9

a writ that is used to bring a party who has been criminally convicted

Question 10

Due Process

Answer 10

Guarantees fairness before the government may deprive a person of life, liberty or property

Question 11

Original Jurisdiction

Answer 11

court has the power to hear a case for the first time

Question 12

Court Packing Plan

Answer 12

The Judicial Procedures Reform Bill of 1937 (frequently called the “court-packing plan”) was a legislative initiative proposed by U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt to add more justices to the U.S. Supreme Court.

Question 13

Judicial Review

Answer 13

Judicial review allows the Supreme Court to take an active role in ensuring that the other branches of government abide by the constitution. Judicial review was established in the classic case of Marbury v. Madison

Question 14

Marbury v Madison

Answer 14

a court may declare an act of Congress void if it is inconsistent with the laws of the constitution

Question 15

Standing

Answer 15

The concept of standing requires that the plaintiff have a stake in the outcome of the case that is filed

Question 16

Judicial Restraint

Answer 16

Judicial restraint is a theory of judicial interpretation that encourages judges to limit the exercise of their own power.

Question 17

Judicial Activism

Answer 17

'’Judicial activism’’ refers to judicial rulings suspected(s) of being based on personal or political considerations rather than on existing law.

Question 18

Goals of american social policy

Answer 18

(1) they protect citizens against the risks and insecurities that most people face over the course of their lives; (2) they promote equality of opportunity; and (3) they alleviate poverty. -

Question 19

Poverty programs prior to the Great Depression

Answer 19

Prior to the Great Depression, poverty in the United States was not seen as responsibility of the government and was often left to religious and other charitable organizations

Question 20

Contributory Programs

Answer 20

Social programs financed by taxation by present or future members. Like social security and medicare

Question 21

Non Contributory Programs

Answer 21

social program that aids people in need rather. (don’t have to contribute to benefit) Examples, TANF and Medicaid

Question 22

Indexing

Answer 22

Process of periodically adjusting social benefits or wages to account for increases in the cost of living.

Question 23

Means Testing

Answer 23

A method for determining whether someone qualifies for a financial-assistance program

Question 24

Purpose of SS

Answer 24

The Social Security program’s benefits include retirement income, disability income, Medicare and Medicaid, and death and survivorship benefits

Question 25

Public opinion to social welfare policy and who benefits most/least

Answer 25

A lot of people don’t like it since it benefits the poor and those who make under a certain income. This can lead to people not working by choice and just living off welfare because of laziness, in which we have to pay for through taxes.

Question 26

Shadow Welfare State

Answer 26

Employer-provided benefits like health insurance and pensions

Question 27

Who is more likely to fall below the poverty line

Answer 27

In the U.S., 45.3 million people lived at or below the poverty line in 2013. - Still, children are the most likely age group to live in poverty, with 1 in 5 living at or below the poverty line. - African American - If you did not earn a degree

Question 28

Deterrence as foreign policy

Answer 28

Deterrence is a strategy intended to dissuade an adversary from taking an action not yet started, or to prevent them from doing something that another state desires

Question 29

Cold War

Answer 29

The Cold War is the name given to the relationship that developed primarily between the USA and the USSR after World War Two

Question 30

Multipolar Balance

Answer 30

if there are a number of influential actors in the international system, a balance-of-power or multipolar system is formed

Question 31

Bipolarity

Answer 31

2 people in charge

Question 32

Unipolar

Answer 32

1 person in charge

Question 33

Priorities of foreign policy

Answer 33

border patrol, fighting terrorism, stopping the spread of nuclear weapons, spread democracy and promote free and open trade

Question 34

Importance of foreign policy

Answer 34

The importance of foreign policy is accepted widely and it basically defines a state's approach towards the other states

Question 35

Preemptive War

Answer 35

The idea that the United States could attack a potentially threatening nation even if the threat had not yet reached a serious and immediate level

Question 36

NAFTA

Answer 36

The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) is an agreement among the United States, Canada and Mexico designed to remove tariff barriers between the three countries.

Question 37

Executive Agreements

Answer 37

dont have to be approved by a senate

Question 38

Issues with embedded journalism

Answer 38

The phrase came to evoke an image of the supposedly independent correspondent truckling to military mentors who spoon-feed him or her absurdly optimistic information about the course of the war

Question 39

Realist view of foreign policy

Answer 39

There is a degree of truth to both views, and they add up to produce a unity. - Realism is a particular paradigm, or wider theoretical and methodological framework, aimed at describing, explaining and, eventually, predicting events in the international relations domain.