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British civilisation > Politics and the shaping of the british economy : from Labour to Brexit > Flashcards

Politics and the shaping of the british economy : from Labour to Brexit Flashcards

1
Q

Who was the first PMs after MT ?

A

John Major who resigned in 1997, then John Smith who died in 1999 and Tony Blair

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2
Q

When the New Labour was created ?

A

1995

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3
Q

What policies did the New Labour party has given up ?

A

Trade unions culture + Natinalisation + public ownership

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4
Q

What policies did the New Labour party has given up ?

A

Trade unions culture + Natinalisation + public ownership + Clause IV about the vote of unions

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5
Q

What are “loony supporters” that Tony Blair wanted to get rid off ?

A

Extremists inside the labour Party

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6
Q

When was elected Tony Blair ?

A

1997

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7
Q

What are so special about the election of Tony Blair ?

A

It was a landslide victory and there was record number of women in the House of Commons and a political watershed.

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8
Q

What are the policies of New Labour ?

A

Promise to give a right for individuals for a more equal society

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9
Q

What is “the third way” ?

A

It’s a theory created by Anthony Giddens in 1998 and applied by Tony Blair.

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10
Q

Why Conservatives voted Labour ?

A

Low turnout of Conservatives + Expensive campaign of Blair + Lack of image of John Major

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11
Q

Blair’s measures of the first term

A

Constitutional reform (reduced number of hereditary peers in the HoL) + better transports + Good friday agreement + decrease of violence in NI

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12
Q

Blair’s economic measures of the first term

A

No increase of the income tax + focus on education to lower the rate of unemployment + Bank of England can determine interest rates + Golden rule

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13
Q

What is the Golden rule

A

Banlance between spending and borrowing

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14
Q

What are Blair’s industrial and unemployment policies on its first term?

A

Reduction of red tape, intervention of trade unions. More fairness at work.

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15
Q

What are Blair’s policies socially ?

A

Anti-social behaviour order to respect each other + no drinking, smoking in public places + no benefits for those who don’t get to work.

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16
Q

What is the point of the Equality agenda ?

A

Equal rights for minority groups : women, ethnic minority groups, the disabled, gay people.

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17
Q

What did Blair for women ?

A

He shortlisted women for the selection of Parliamentary candidate. It encourages women to do politics and there was an influx of women as MPs.

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18
Q

What did Blair for the gay community ?

A

He reduced the age of consent to 16, he introduced civil partnerships, athorization to be openly gay in the army and repealed section 28 : teachers can now teach about homosexuality.

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19
Q

What did Blair for ethnic minorities ?

A

He reformed the police by creating a Black association for police officers and a commission to ensure that there is no racial inequality caused by the police. (Ex : death of Stephen Lawrence)

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20
Q

What did Blair for economy ?

A

He tried to reduce poverty in the northern and western areas : high unemployment and low education.

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21
Q

What is the Foundation Hospitals ?

A

It’s the creation of the league tables for hospitals and doctors with targets to achieve to get aid from the state. If they don’t get a state fund, they will be aided by the private sector only.

22
Q

Why was Blair unpopular on his second and third term ?

A

Abou the international affairs and the War on Terror. Blair had a key role on helping the US attacking terrorists in Afghanistan and Iraq.

23
Q

What happened in 2005 in London ?

A

Bombings

24
Q

What happened in 2005 in London ?

A

Bombings : 50 killings.

25
Q

When did Blair resign ?

A

in 2007

26
Q

Why were some of the reasons of the resignation of Blair ?

A

He was too right for centre for the Labour party; he often ignored his cabinet; he closed ties with the US, he supported the Iraq war; he maintained Thatcher reforms.

27
Q

What are the positive economic points of Blair ?

A

Economic growth up 2.4%/year + unemployment lowest since 70’s (5,5%) + inflation under control + development of infrastructures and public facilities.

28
Q

What are the weak point economically of Blair ?

A

bank had too much freedom; too much involvement of private firms in public sector; national debt doubled (617 billion)

29
Q

Who succeeded Blair ?

A

Gordon Brown from 2007-2010

30
Q

When did the UK joined the EU ?

A

1973

31
Q

When did the dynamics of the international relations change ?

A

After WW2

32
Q

The UK is at the center of what ?

A

Three great circles of influence known as Europe, the Commonwealth and the English speaking-world.

33
Q

What are the advantages of the Commonwealth/the Empire ?

A

The trade of food, raw materials because it’s at a low price.

34
Q

What are the advantages of the English speaking world ?

A

It’s the very special relationship with the US.

35
Q

Why was the UK afraid to join the EU ?

A

Because the Parliament wouldn’t be the most supreme authority anymore

36
Q

Did the UK sign the treaty of Rome ?

A

No

37
Q

When the first application failed and why ?

A

In 1961 because the UK’s economy was struggling and that the other circles weren’t attractive.

38
Q

When did the second application failed and why ?

A

In 1967 because De Gaulle used his veto to block the British entry. He dind’t want to deal with Atlanticism coming from the UK.

39
Q

Who heal a referendum on the UK joining the EU, in which year and what was the result ?

A

MP Harold Wilson held a referendum in 1975 and the British people said they wanted to remain with 67%.

40
Q

What was the positions of the PM after WW2?

A

Churchill : wanted the EU
Thatcher : euroskeptic
John Major : pro-european
Blair : pro-european
Cameron : pro-european

41
Q

When did Cameron become PM ?

A

2010-2016

42
Q

What did Cameron change by becoming leader of the Democratic party ?

A

He shifted the party from right to central politics

43
Q

What is a hung Parliament ?

A

It’s when no party was able to get an overall majority of seats in Parliament

44
Q

Which parties formed a coalition ?

A

Liberal Democrats and the COnservative party

45
Q

Who is the leader of the Liberal democrat ?

A

Nick Clegg

46
Q

Who is the Chancellor of the Exchequer of David Cameron ?

A

George Osbourne

47
Q

David Camron took his ideas from who ?

A

Benjamin Disraeli a Conservative PM in 1868 : one nation conservatism.
The eliste is responsible to protect the less fortunate.

48
Q

What Cameron promoted ?

A

Gay marriage, competitions with schools, local organizations in a Big Society, the Education, the NHS, the Old Age pensions and a deregulated economy

49
Q

What did Cameron to his own party ?

A

He brought divisions because he was modern, because he wanted Gay marriage and to stay in the EU.

50
Q

What are the arguments to remain in the UK ?

A

Grow the economy
Staying in the single market
Damage the political force of the UK
Keep better interntional relationships
More protection for workers
Allow unskilled workers to come

51
Q

What are the arguments to leave the EU ?

A

Supremacy of the EU over the UK
Too much money invested in Brussels : more money for the NHS
Controlling the immigrtion : ‘points system’
Less red tape

British civilisation (3 decks)

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