Politics

Question 1

Essay Question

Answer 1

In the study of globalisation what examples from local context have emerged as responses to global discontent

Question 2

Essay Plan

Answer 2

Introduction; Definition of Globalisation; Conspiracy Theories; Resistance; Conspicuous consumption; Clothing; Sheffield; Devil; Conclusion

Question 3

Introduction

Answer 3

Great importance in understanding system as a whole
Complex reasons behind peoples actions and practises - more that can be derived from global monetary economical political approach

Question 4

Definition of Globalisation

Answer 4

Circulation of goods, not just west to the rest, concepts of anti-globalisation as resistance to external global forces (Theodossopoulos, 2009)
grassroots globalisation - from above and below, complex picture will be most useful
Voices that speak for the poor (part movements, networkds, organisations) (Appadurai, 2001)

Question 5

Conspiracy Theories

Answer 5

Conspiracy theories are careful accumulations of facts, to explain events, may be equally plausible conception of same events (Marcus, 1999)
Important to treat discourse as equally valid, not as paranoid schizophrenic but holistic attempt to understand global phenomenon (Sutton, 2003)

Question 6

Resistance

Answer 6

Radical forms of resistance have unintended circumstances from repression by the state (Gledhill, 1994)
Everyday resistance, not organised (James Scott)
Sherry Ortner says studies are limited by lack of perspective, not holistic in study of resistance, internal confliction and mixture of reasons (Ortner, 1995)
Peasant collaboration also important to consider (White)

Question 7

Conspicuous consumption

Answer 7

Is conspicuous consumption overhaul of conformity, evidences meaning

Question 8

Clothing

Answer 8

Conformity needs understanding of meanings, more than monetary
Clothing in Zambia, second hand, meaning attached to it for Zambians, can be either stand for conformity, creativity or rebellion. Also important for women against men’s domestic imperialism (Hansen, 1999)

Question 9

Sheffield

Answer 9

Conformity to capitalism not always aligned with state
Families in Endcliffe modes of production bonded by kinship and household.
1 in 4 informal self employed, average family income much higher than official statistic
Hierarchy of production workers (Mollona, 2005)

Question 10

Devil

Answer 10

Rejections of capitalism as a whole (also meaning)
Rise in occult economics, in South Africa. Challenging anthropology on an ‘awkward’ scale, on planes that transect (Comaroff & Comaroff, 1999)
Devil beliefs in Chachapoyas region in Peru, hostility towards commerce, accumulation, individualisation and money do not stem from inherent antipathy of ‘use-value’ or anti-globalisation, rather variety of social and historically produces fields of power and economy in wihch these social forms are embedded, (Nugent, 1996)

Question 11

Conclusion

Answer 11

Parts of the world must come to terms with memory of oppressions and exclusion, and build new societies based on tolerance, mutual reignition, equality and human dignity, (Stavenhagen, 2002)