Political Psychology, Socialization, and Culture Flashcards
What are the three elements of cognitive maps?
Perception
Conceptualization
Affect
A mental picture of what the physical and social worlds are like and how we relate to them.
Cognitive Map
An awareness of an aspect of reality derived from sensory processes
Perception
The mental categories into which people sort perceptions of the world and give the perceptions meaning.
Conceptual Framework
What are the four main levels of conceptualization?
Ideology
Group Benefits
Nature-of-the-times
No issue content
The emotion attached to an idea or object. The quality that makes people support or oppose a particular party, candidate, or policy.
Affect
Groups of people who share at least one characteristic, such as gender, age, race, occupation, or religion.
Categoric groups
Groups whose members are conscious of their shared characteristics, regard themselves as having common goals arising from those characteristics.
Interest groups
Groups who pursue their goals at least partly by seeking to influence government policy.
Pressure groups
Groups whose members have regular face-to-face interactions (families, friends, and work associates)
Primary groups
What are the types of Influential Group Memberships
- Families and ethnic groups
- Friends and age groups
- Congregations and religious groups
- Schoolmates and educational groups
- Work associates and occupational groups
- Neighbors, income groups, and social classesWhat are the types of Influential Group Memberships
Group of people who share a common ancestry and a common and distinctive culture.
Ethnic groups
A group of people holding the same position in the production process (Marxist View)
Social class
Two social classes according to Marx’s view
Capitalists
Workers
A group who share the same socioeconomic status (Non-marxist view)
Social class
What are the factors determining the impact of group membership on a person’s political views and behavior?
The group’s importance for the individual
Perceived political relevance of the group
Transmission of group political standards
The developmental processes from which people acquire their political orientations and patterns of behavior
Political Socialization
What are the agents of socialization?
Families
Schools
Peer groups
Mass communications media
The belief that one’s political views and actions can affect the political process.
Political efficacy
Constituting the dominant beliefs and values in any nation
The social-psychological climate that shapes and constrains the political system
Political culture
A broadly shared set of ways of thinking about politics and government
A pattern of orientations to political objects
Political culture
What are the two main components of political culture?
- Cognitive Orientations (Knowledge and awareness of political objects)
- Political Preferences
Most political philosophers say the first obligation of a citizen is
Patriotism/Loyalty
