Political patterns quiz 2

Question 1

administered boundary

Answer 1

How a boundary will be maintained, how it will function, and what goods and people will be allowed to cross

Question 2

allocation boundary dispute

Answer 2

when a boundary separates natural resources that may be used by both countries

Question 3

contiguous zone

Answer 3

Coastal states have limited sovereignty for up to 24 nautical miles where they can enforce laws on customs, immigration, and sanitation

Question 4

controlled borders

Answer 4

a boundary that was drawn across an area prior to the area becoming substantially populated

Question 5

defined boundary

Answer 5

a boundary established by a legal document (such as a treaty)

Question 6

delimited boundary

Answer 6

a line drawn on a map to show the limits of a space

Question 7

demarcated boundary

Answer 7

identified by physical objects places on the landscape

Question 8

definitional boundary

Answer 8

a boundary agreed to be made by two political parties in a treaty or other legal document

Question 9

exclaves

Answer 9

Territories that are part of a state, yet geographically separated from the main state by one or more countries

Question 10

exclusive economic zone (EEZ)

Answer 10

coastal states can explore, extract minerals, and manage up to 200 nautical miles

Question 11

high seas

Answer 11

water beyond the EEZ is open to all states

Question 12

irredentism

Answer 12

when a country seeks to annex territory in another because it has ties to part of the population that lives there

Question 13

locational boundary dispute (territorial)

Answer 13

dispute that is centered on where a boundary is

Question 14

operational boundary dispute (functional)

Answer 14

centers on not the location of a boundary but how it functions

Question 15

political enclaves

Answer 15

States, territories, or parts of a state or territory that are completely surrounded by the territory of another state

Question 16

shatterbelt

Answer 16

a region that suffers instability because it is located between two very different regions

Question 17

Small Island Developing State (SIDS)

Answer 17

A group of small island countries which tend to share similar sustainable development challenges

Question 18

territorial sea

Answer 18

up to 12 nautical miles of sovereignty; commercial vessels may pass, but non-commercial vessels may be challenged

Question 19

United Nations Convention of the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS)

Answer 19

an international agreement that establishes a legal framework for all marine and maritime activities

Question 20

census

Answer 20

a count of the population every 10 years (US)

Question 21

cracking

Answer 21

A form of gerrymandering in which the group is dispersed into several districts to prevent a majority

Question 22

electoral geography

Answer 22

the analysis of the methods, the behavior, and the results of elections in the context of geographic space and using geographical techniques

Question 23

electorate

Answer 23

elected officials on the state, national, and local levels who represent citizens

Question 24

gerrymandering

Answer 24

the drawing of boundaries for political districts by the party or group in power to extend their advantage

Question 25

hijacking

Answer 25

redrawing two districts in order to force two elected representatives of the same party to run against each other

Question 26

internal boundaries

Answer 26

borders within a country

Question 27

kidnapping

Answer 27

when redistricting moves a supported elected official to an area they are no longer supported

Question 28

packing

Answer 28

combines similar voters into one district to prevent them affecting another district

Question 29

reapportionment

Answer 29

changing the number of representatives granted each state so it reflects the states population

Question 30

redistricting

Answer 30

state legislatures that redraw district boundaries so that each district contains roughly the same number of people

Question 31

stacking

Answer 31

Diluting a minority populated district with majority populations

Question 32

voting districts

Answer 32

wide variety of small polling areas (election districts, precincts, or wards) State and local governments create for purpose of administering elections

Question 33

annexation

Answer 33

the process of legally adding territory to a city

Question 34

federal state

Answer 34

A country where governmental authority is shared among a central government and various other smaller, regional authorities

Question 35

unitary state

Answer 35

a state where laws are administered uniformly by one central government

Question 36

ethnic separatism

Answer 36

the separation of people due to ethnicity, culture, or government from a larger group. occurs when minority groups fight for independence

Question 37

ethnic cleansing

Answer 37

the forced removal of a minority ethnic group from a territory

Question 38

terrorism

Answer 38

organized violence aimed at government and civilian targets that is intended to create fear in furtherance of political aims

Question 39

african union

Answer 39

an organization of African states that aims to encourage economic development and political stability through increased cooperation between its members

Question 40

arctic council

Answer 40

Intergovernmental forum that addresses issues faced by Arctic governments and indigenous people from the Arctic

Question 41

Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN)

Answer 41

An organization of countries in southeast Asia set up to promote cultural, economic and political development in the region

Question 42

autonomous regions

Answer 42

a defined area within a state that has a high degree of self government and freedom from its parent state

Question 43

balkanization

Answer 43

the fragmentation of a state or region into smaller, often hostile, units along ethno-linguistic lines

Question 44

democratization

Answer 44

the transition from autocratic to more representative forms of politics

Question 45

European Union(EU)

Answer 45

the political and economic integration of member states (27 member states primarily in Europe)

Question 46

Globalization

Answer 46

the integration of markets, states, communication, and trade on a worldwide scale

Question 47

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

Answer 47

The mutual defense of member states. safeguard allies freedom and security by political and military means

Question 48

Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC)

Answer 48

focuses on the production of petroleum, coordinating and unifying its members, and creating a stable oil market

Question 49

subnationalism

Answer 49

people who have a primary allegiance to a traditional group or ethnicity

Question 50

supranationalism

Answer 50

when multiple countries form an organization to collectively achieve greater benefits for all members

Question 51

United nations

Answer 51

Takes on issues facing humanity such as peace and security

Question 52

United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement (USMCA)

Answer 52

formerly NAFTA to simulate free trade among members

Question 53

Transnational corporations

Answer 53

companies that conduct business on a global scale

Question 54

World Trade Organization (WTO)

Answer 54

The International organization that regulates international trade

Question 55

ethnonationalism

Answer 55

a form of nationalism in which the "nation" is defined in terms of ethnicity

Question 56

regionalism

Answer 56

the belief or practice of regional administrative systems rather than central systems (a political factor that plays a role in creating centrifugal forces)