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POLISCI102 Exam 3 > Political Parties > Flashcards

Political Parties Flashcards

1
Q

Political Parties

A

Organized groups that attempt to influence the government by electing their members to local, state, and national offices.

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2
Q

What is the link between public and government?

A

Voters Parties Elected Officials

Especially true in elections – parties filter participation.

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3
Q

What do parties in American Government and politics do?

A

They increase political participation, provide information cues to voters, and organize congressional business.

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4
Q

Party Formation - Internal Mobilization

A

Political conflicts prompt officials and competing factions within government to mobilize popular support.
Ex. Shillary Clinton and her Superdelegates.

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5
Q

Party Formation - External Mobilization

A

Group of politicians outside of government organizes popular support to win governmental power.
Ex. Bernie Sanders gathering outsiders of politics to create a movement.

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6
Q

What is the Winner Take All Single-Member district system?

A

Candidates with the most votes wins and gets all the representation while the losers get none. Because of this, it enforces two major parties (D and R)

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7
Q

What is proportional representational system?

A

Multimember districts or states, party wins number of seats in proportion to the share of votes in election.

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8
Q

What is the issue with Third Parties in America’s Two-Party System?

A

Because America does not run under proportional representation, voters feel that it is a waste to vote for them, no

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9
Q

What is Duverger’s Law?

A

When you have geographical winner take all voting systems, you will only have two major parties whereas when you have a proportional representation system, you will have more than two parties.

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10
Q

What kind of voting system does California run under?

A

A winner take all system for statewide offices.

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11
Q

What is America’s Second Party System?

A

The Democrats and Whigs

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12
Q

What did the Democrats and Whigs do?

A

Intense competition for votes led politicians to increase suffrage, parties divided more by personalities and petty politics than by significant ideologies, and eventually, the Whigs were replaced by a coalition of free labor, free soil, and free land supporters.

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13
Q

What is America’s First Party System?

A

The Federalists and Jeffersonian Republicans

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14
Q

What were the Federalists and what did they do?

A

They were the stronger federal government, assumption of Revolutionary War debt, protective tariffs, and had commercial ties with Britain. They were supported by Merchants.

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15
Q

What were the Jeffersonian Republicans?

A

They were the anti-Federalists, who advocated for free trade, agriculture, and had relations with France. They were supported mainly by Agrarian interests.

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16
Q

What was America’s Party System of 1896?

A

The Republicans and Democrats

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17
Q

What came about the System of 1896?

A

American became more urban and industrialized by the end of the 19th century and Populists and Democrats appealed to workers and farmers.

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18
Q

What is the contemporary American party system?

A

The GOP expands voter base, draws economic and social conservatives, especially southerners.

Ideological divide increases among elected officials; within the ranks as well.
- Tea Party and Progressive Activists

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19
Q

What does the Tea Party in the Contemporary System do?

A

They illustrate base frustration with GOP elected officials.

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20
Q

What do Progressive Activists in the Contemporary System do?

A

They illustrate base frustration with the Democratic Party, for example: Occupy Wall Street.

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21
Q

What are neoconservatives in the Contemporary System?

A

They are less concerned with domestic issues but are defined by their aggressive foreign policy stance, particularly in defense of Israel.

They also advocate for the proactive spread of democracy.

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22
Q

What was the impact of the Progressive Era (Early 20th Cent) in California?

A

Primary elections replaced party selection of candidate.

Created office block ballots and non-partisan elections.

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23
Q

How many people in 2014 registered as Democrats in California?

A

43%

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24
Q

How many people in 2014 registered as Republicans in California?

A

28%

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25
Q

How many people declined to state their political affiliation in 2014 in California?

A

23% - doubled since 1998.

26
Q

How many people registered in 2014 as third party supporters in California?

A

5%

27
Q

From the end of the Civil War to the 1890s, the Republican party remained the party of what side?

A

The North

28
Q

What was Nixon’s Southern Strategy?

A

It was where he aimed at attracting white southerners to the Republican Party.

29
Q

What was the goal of the Primary System in the Early 20th Century?

A

It was promoted by Progressive Reformers in hopes of weakening the power of party leaders.

30
Q

Difference between interest group and political party?

A

Interest groups seeks to influence government policies whereas a party attempts to win elections.

31
Q

What political party was formed from a coalition of antislavery forces?

A

Republican Party.

32
Q

Why did Republicans spend much more effort building a party apparatus than Democrats in the fifty years prior to 2004?

A

Because they held a minority status in the electorate.

33
Q

What is the plurality party in California?

A

The Democratic Party. It is the “Blue state”

34
Q

Is the number of voters who decline to state a party affiliation at the time they register declining in California?

A

NO

35
Q

What do Democratic and Republican counties encompass?

A

The Major Urban areas and Rural Areas respectively.

36
Q

Does California have a proportional representation electoral system for state and local elections?

A

No

37
Q

What are the defining traits of the party system?

A
  • Number of parties
  • Organizational structure
  • Balance of power between parties and within party coalitions
  • Institutional and social bases of support
  • Issues and policies that define the party and their competitors
38
Q

How does someone win the U.S. party representation?

A

You need to win a geographic winner take all

39
Q

What is a proportional representation do?

A

Parties get a share based on the voting

40
Q

Why do realignments happen?

A
  • When issues that currently separate two parties decline in relevance
  • New issues emerge
  • Dramatic shift in which the party governs
  • Dramatic shifts on positions the parties support
41
Q

What do Civil War Republicans stand for?

A
  • Higher Tarriffs to protect industry
  • No slavery in new territories
  • Westward expansion
42
Q

What do Civil War Democrats stand for?

A
  • Lower tarriffs to promote agriculture
  • Smaller, local government
  • Proslavery
43
Q

What did the New Deal party system do?

A
  • FDR elected in 1932
  • Expanded reach of government
  • Began regulating the workplace
  • Created a social safety net
  • Created a broad coalition of voters that sustained it until the late 1960s
44
Q

What does the Tea Party stand for?

A
  • Less government
  • Fiscal responsibility
  • Lower taxes
  • States’ rights
  • National security
45
Q

Why are Third parties not always represented?

A
  • Social and economic interests not voiced by the two major parties
  • Major parties may adopt their issues if taken seriously
  • Significant structural obstacles make it hard to get on the ballot
46
Q

What kind of state was California in 1952-1988?

A

The “Red State” - republicans

47
Q

How did the Progressive Era impact the voting procedure?

A

Primary elections replaced party selection of candidates
Office Block Ballot (Lists candidate by office)
Non-partisan election

48
Q

From the end of the Civil War to the 1890s, the Republican Party remained the party of?

A

The North

49
Q

Richard Nixon’s ____ strategy was aimed at attracting white southerners to the Republican Party.

A

Southern

50
Q

The ____ was promoted by Progressive reformers at the turn of the twentieth century in hopes of weakening the power of party leaders.

A

Primary System

51
Q

The first party system in the United States pitted the Federalists, supported mainly by ____ against the Jeffersonian Republicans, supported mainly by ____.

A

Merchants, Agrarian Interests

52
Q

What differentiates an interest group from a political party?

A

An interest group seeks to influence government policies, whereas a party attempts to win elections.

53
Q

Which political party was formed from a coalition of antislavery forces?

A

Republican

54
Q

Why did Republicans spend much more effort building a party apparatus than Democrats in the fifty years prior to 2004?

A

They held a minority status in the electorate.

55
Q

An election system that allocates to each political party representation in the legislature equal to its percentage of the total vote is called a ____ system.

A

proportional representation

56
Q

What is the plurality party of California?

A

The Democratic

57
Q

Is the number of voters who decline to state a party affiliation at they time they register declining in California?

A

No

58
Q

What types of areas to Democratic counties tend to encompass?

A

Major urban areas

59
Q

What types of area do Republican counties tend to encompass?

A

Areas that are more rural in nature

60
Q

Does California have a proportional electoral system for state and local elections?

A

No

POLISCI102 Exam 3 (6 decks)

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