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Human Geography > Political Geography > Flashcards

Political Geography Flashcards

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1
Q

What makes a State?

A
  1. settled population
  2. defined territory recognized by other states
  3. organized into a political unit / a government
  4. recognition from other states
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2
Q

*Sovereignty

A

Independence from control of internal affairs from outside states.

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3
Q

Giants States

A

Russia
Canada
US
China
Brazil
Australia

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4
Q

Microstates

A

Tend to be wealthy
. Ex. Andora, Monaco, Vatican

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5
Q

*Multi-state Nation

A

People with a shared culture and spread over several states. Ex. Korea, Ireland

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6
Q

*Centripetal Forces

A

Bind together people of a state and gave it strength.
1. Political: Federal holidays
2. Economic: infrastructure development.
3. Cultural: religion,sports.

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7
Q

*Centrifugal Forces

A

Are things that divide or tear a state apart.
1. Political: armed conflicts
2. Economic: uneven development.
3. Cultural: ethnic movements.
4. Physical Geography: Isolation barriers.

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8
Q

*Nation-State

A

Territory is occupied by one ethnicity. Ex: Japan, Slovenia

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9
Q

Nation

A

Group of people w/ a shared identify.

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10
Q

Self-Determination

A

concept that ethnicities have the right to govern themselves.

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11
Q

*Multi-ethnic state

A

more than one ethnicity.
Ex;USA

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12
Q

*Multi-national state

A

more than one ethnicity with a desire for self-determination. Ex; Russia, UK

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13
Q

Semi Autonomous region

A

an area within a state w/ a government + limited power.

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14
Q

*Stateless Nation

A

ethnic group or nation without its own state, no majority in any nation. Ex;Kurdistan, Palentine

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15
Q

*Balkanization

A

Process by which a state breaks down through conflicts among its ethnicities and becomes Balkanized.

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16
Q

Colonialism

A

Effort by one country establish settlements and imposed political, economic, and cultural principles.

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17
Q

Democracy

A

Citizens elect leaders.

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18
Q

Autocracy

A

government run according to the interests of ruler, not the people.

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19
Q

Anocracy

A

not fully democratic or autocratic.

20
Q

*Unitary State

A

power in central/national government. Ex;France, Kenya, China

21
Q

*Federal State

A

power shared between the central and local government. Ex; USA, Russia, Canada.

22
Q

Relic Boundary

A

A boundary line that is marked by some cultural landscape feature. For example, a fence, The great wall of china.

23
Q

*Antecedent Boundary

A

Established before the area in question is well populated. For example, the border between Malaysia and Indonesia was negotiated between English and Dutch settlers.

24
Q

*Superimposed Boundary

A

A line placed over and ignores an existing cultural pattern. Forced apart. For example, the boundaries in Africa negotiated by European powers at the Berlin Conference.

25
Q

*Subsequent Boundary

A

Established after an area has been settled and that reflects the cultural characteristics of the bounded area. For example, the boundary between China and Vietnam is based on cultural differences.

26
Q

*Consequent Boundary

A

Boundaries that coincide with some cultural divide, like religion or language. For example, the boundaries between India and Pakistan were drawn based on religious differences.

27
Q

*Geometric Boundary

A

-A straight line or arc; also known as an artificial boundary. For example, a line of latitude between the US and Canada.

28
Q

Peacekeeping missions

A

Individual nations supply troops. Sub-Saharan Africa, eastern europe .

29
Q

What does NATO stand for?

A

North Atlantic treaty organization

30
Q

Warsaw Pact

A

Eastern Communist countries.

31
Q

*Shatterbelt

A

A region caught between stronger colliding external cultural-political forces, under persistent stress, and often fragmented by aggressive rivals.

32
Q

*European Union

A

Formed in 1958 by Belgium, france, italy, netherlands, west Germany.

33
Q

*Brexit

A

Uk votes to leave the EU

34
Q

OPEC

A

Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries. LDC’s. Made to control the price of oil.

35
Q

Chokepoint

A

Narrow passageway that restricts traffic to another region.

36
Q

Territoriality

A

When groups or individuals claim power over an area of land; its people and resources.

37
Q

*Irredentism

A

territorial claim based on a national, ethnic or historical basis.

37
Q

Zionism

A

National movement for Jewish settlement of Palestine.

37
Q

*Supranationalism

A

3 or more country’s forming an organization. EX: UN, NATO, EU.

38
Q

*Gerrymandering

A

process of redrawing legislative boundaries for purpose of benefiting the part in power.

39
Q

*Devolution

A

transfer of power from a national government to regional governments.

40
Q

*Terrorism

A

Violence used to intimate a population.

41
Q

*Berlin Conference

A

Contributing factor to many civil wars. Divided many powers.

42
Q

Landlocked state

A

A state that does not have a direct outlet to the sea

43
Q

Redistricting

A

redrawing districts based on the number of reapportionment

44
Q
A

Human Geography (2 decks)

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