Political authority

Question 1

Why was russification needed?

Answer 1

1) 1830: a Polish nationalist rebellion occurred
2) Local language newspapers were created in the Baltic regions
3) 1863: a Polish rebellion was only crushed through martial force

Question 2

How was the policy of russification effected in Finland?

Answer 2

1) 1900: Russian was introduced as the official language
2) 1901: the national Finnish army was disbanded

Question 3

How was the policy of russification effected in Poland?

Answer 3

1) Polish nobles were exiled, and their land given to Russians
2) All school teaching was to be conducted in Russian
3) Catholic monasteries were closed down

Question 4

In what ways was the policy of russification ineffective?

Answer 4

1) Many schools secretly kept their national language and radicalised their students
2) Secret publication of local language books continued

Question 5

How were Jews treated under the policy of russification?

Answer 5

1) 1791: Jews were confined to a region know as the Pale of Settlement
2) 1881: pogroms begin in the Ukraine
3) 1891: non-Christians were barred from buying property in some provinces