Political and Social Influences Flashcards
What are people in a deprived area are more likely to have…
Birth-related [4]
Factors that are bad for their health [6]
Factors that affect management of healthcare systems [3]
Higher infant mortality
- Lower life expectancy
- Lower birth weight
- Less likely to be breast-fed
Poorer dental health / healthcare Increased obesity Poor nutrition - food less available and expensive Teenage pregnancy Smoking / drugs Anxiety
Alcohol related admission
More manual jobs, poor living conditions
Less likely to benefit from health promotion
What factors affect fetal well-being [6]
Drugs / alcohol / smoking OTC / herbals Radiation Diet Infection Maternal disease
What are the social influences on health [8]
Gender Education, employment Housing, environment Finance, social class Health system
What are 10 elements of public health [6]
Monitor, dx, ix health status to assure competent workforce
Inform, educate and empower community
Mobilise community partnership
Enforce law and regulation
Develop polices/plans, research new solutions
Evaluate effectiveness, accessibility and quality, link people to needed health services
What are the leading causes of global mortality [5]
Obesity Smoking High BP Hyperglycaemia Physical inactivity
What are political influences on health
Directly affecting… [9]
Indirectly affecting… [2]
Directly affecting... Legislation Vaccination Food standards Nutrition labels, alcohol sugar and cigg tax
Subsidies
NHS funding
Health and safety laws
Health Education
Indirectly affecting…
Employment laws
Transport policies
What are political influences on relation to obesity [6]
Tax unhealthy food- ‘fat tax’, subsidies healthy food
Health education - diet and exercise
Exercise promotion, improving sport facilities, cycle and bus lanes
Legislation - labelling foods, enforcement of legislation
Ban unhealthy advertising
Fund NHS for obesity treatment
What is disease control
Interventions to reduce the incidence of disease
How is disease controlled [3]
Suveillance
Preventative measures
Outbreak management
What are doctors required to do in an outbreak
Notify public health
What is an outbreak and how is it dealt with [7 steps]
Local increase in number of specific conditions compared to background epidemic level
Confirm outbreak
Define Dx
Define population exposed and collect info on cases
Plot epidemic curve
Preventative measures to minimise exposure
What is the role of the infection control team [4]
Provide advice, produce guidelines on prevention and Rx, provide input to education
Conduct an audit
Research
Liase with departments to provide infection control
Communicate with the media
Examples of health care policies [7]
Vaccination, annual flu programme
Social support, unemployment benefits
Accessible transport / park and ride / bus lanes
Alcohol licensing and smoking bans, free nicotine replacement
Alcohol / sugar and cigarette tax, nutritional labels
Managing epidemics and infection control
Policies to promote neighbourhoods / schools / homes and reduce poverty
How does WHO rank health system [3]
Health (50%) - life expectancy
Responsiveness (25%) - speed / quality / data protection
Fair financial contribution (25%)
