Political and Leadership Structures Flashcards
Considered as the simplest political systems
Bands and Tribes
It is formed by several families living together based on marriage ties, common descendants, friendship affiliation. Decision making are made by
consensus. Ruled by a village headman
Band
They practice agriculture, allowing them to support
Tribes
A small, egalitarian, 10-50 group of people, white tribe comprised a no. of bands that were politically integrated and shared a language, religious beliefs, and other aspects of culture.
Band
Large Populations (And give example)
Tribes (Igorot)
A political organization, composed of a number of communities that is ruled by a permanent paramount chief coming from an elite family. (Give examples)
Chiefdom (Rajah Soliman and Sultan Kudarat)
It is inherited in chiefdoms
Power
Types of Chiefdom
Simple Chiefdom and Complex Chiefdom
It is characterized by a central village or community ruled by a single family.
Simple Chiefdom
It is composed of several chiefdoms ruled by a single paramount chief.
Complex Chiefdom
group of people that shared a common history, language, traditions, customs, habits and ethnicity.
Nations
A political unit consisting of a government that has sovereignty presiding a well defined territory.
State
When the citizens of a state belong to only one nation such state
Nation-state
Elements of State :
- People
- Territory
- Government
- Sovereignty
The power to make binding decisions and issue commands. What makes authority binding and worthy of obedience is legitimacy.
Authority
It is a moral and ethical concept that bestows one who possesses power the right to authority.
Legitimacy
THREE TYPES OF AUTHORITY
- Traditional Authority
- Charismatic Authority
- Rational Legal or Bureaucratic Authority
It is a legitimacy is derived from a well-established customs, habits, and social structures. (ex. Monarchial rule or the rule of the elites in a chiefdom)
Traditional Authority
a legitimacy emanates from the charisma of the individual, power legitimated through extraordinary personal abilities that inspire devotion and obedience. (ex. Jesus of Nazareth and Mohammed of Mecca, Mahatma Gandhi of India, Martin Luther King Jr. of USA)
Charismatic Authority
It is an extraordinary personal qualities that turn on audience into followers.
Charisma
This kind of authority draws its legitimacy from formal rules promulgated by the state through its fundamental and implementing laws. This is the most dominant way of legitimizing authority in modern states. (ex. Joe Biden of America)
Rational legal or bureaucratic authority
It is one of the major components of social institution where its activities are entrusted with making and enforcing the rules of a society as well as with regulating relations with other societies.
Government
Forms of Government
- Monarchy
- Democracy
- Authoritarianism
- Totalitarianism
is a political system in which a representative from one family controls the government and power is passed on through that family from generation to generation.
Monarchy
Two Types of Monarchy
- Absolute Monarchy
- Constitutional Monarchy
is a system in which the citizens choose officials to run their government through popular or majority votes.
Democracy
is a form of government characterized by the rejection of political plurality, the use of a strong central power to preserve the political status quo and reductions in the rule of law, separation of powers, and democratic voting. (ex. President Vladimir Putin of Russia)
Authoritarianism
is a political system under which the government maintains control all aspects of its citizens’ lives. (ex. Supreme Leader Kim Jong-un of North Korea and Adolf Hitler of Germany)
Totalitarianism
Branches of Government
- Executive Branch
- Legislative Branch
- Judicial Branch
Executive Branch
President
Vice President
Cabinet
Legislative Branch
Senate
House of Representatives
Judicial Branch
Supreme Court
RTC, MTC
Special Courts
