Policy Developments Flashcards
What is informal policy making?
Policy making at a community level
What are the two forms of policy making?
Crime control policies: laws, regulations and other governmental actions designed to reduce crime.
Why has social change come about?
The values of society change - views and attitude.
Biochemical Policies - Crime Control
Drug treatments for alcohol abuse, heroin addiction, sex offenders, diet and surgery.
Genetic Theories: Eugenics
Genetic theories argued that the tendency to criminality is transmitted by inheriting a criminal gene.
Sociological theories: penal populism
Penal populism as a policy, started as a result of the murder of James Bulger in 1993. Political parties agreed to be tougher on crime.
Penal Populism
Tony Blair pledged to be ‘tough on crime’, introducing punitive laws. Automatic life sentences for second serious offences, three strikes and youre out.
Prison
One of the main ways British society tried to control crime is by imprisonment. Concurrent, consecutively, determinate and indeterminate.
Zero Tolerance
Means that every crime is acted upon, no matter how trivial they are.
CCTV
CCTV is an invaluable tool in criminal investigations. It is usually one of the first requests made by police at the start of their enquiries.
Restorative Justice
A practice in which trained facilitators work with victims and offenders to talk about what happened, who was affected and how, and what can be done to help repair them.
Multi-Agency Approach
A multi-agency approach is where members of different teams/agencies/services in the criminal justice system to work together to reduce the risk of crimes being committed.
Changes over time
Smoking, drink driving and abortion, gay marriage.
How do laws change?
Culture, time and place.
Campaigns
Sarahs law, Claire’s law
