Policy and Planning Flashcards
robert moses approach
Robert Moses worked for the local government of New York and had a strong neloiberal approach to city development. His approach proposed the “bulldozing” of what was established in New York and rebuilding a productive city. This market led approach to planning however came at the cost of social injustice and inequalities, displacing the social groups who were already on the edge of the social system of New York, such as low socio-economic groups and balck communities.
jane jacobs approach
On the other hand, Jane Jacobs’ approach rethought the 20th century city in a way which allowed participation and leadership from the community level. Jacobs believed that ordinary, community people can make great change in their community as described in the following quote “Cities can be designed to enable citizens and communities to look after each other, and their neighbourhoods and economies” [The Death and Life of Great American Cities, 1961]. This quote brings light of designing the cities for and with people and their aspirations in life.
urban planning of auckland
Neoliberal approaches are evident in places like Auckland and a small town called Pegasus. The urban planning that happened in Auckland was rooted in neoliberal ideology which focused planning on attracting financial capital and highly qualified people into big cities with high quality design to maintaina or increase value of land and allocation for the highest return. With this approach, planning for middle and lower socio-economic groups was ignored and forgotten. This neoliberal approach has made housing a commodity with an expectation of high return pn investment in the housing and land markets and it has become largely unaffordable to live in Auckland - with the average housing price being $1.12 million.
pegasus
Pegasus is a greenfield development located North of Canterbury which was planned in the 90s. The region had aspirations to be greenfield development which was bustling with people and an economic flow. The results turned out to be quite different. Pegasus is located about an hours drive from christchurch city where most people work, so people need to travel to work as there are businessing to accommodate such provisions in pegasus. In terms of ecology, pegasus has a sandy disposition and is located close to the coast. Traditional ecological knowledge comes from Ngati ahuriri who never wanted to establish in the area because of its ecology and due to the fact that there are traditional cemeteries in the area. However in the 90s the Waimakariri district council wanted to develop this area into a big capital investment. Pegasus now is not well established liek it was hoped to be. The subdivision built in pegasus offer little opportunity for the collective to connect in the community. It leaves out the possibility for the community to step up to issues of participation and leadership. The neloiberl planning style of pegasus ultimately led to the failure of the region as a provision to a potential community. It didn’t consider the amenities it needs to provide for the community or traditional ecological knowledge and focused too much on the economic side.
share an idea
Share an idea is an example of participiatory planning which resembles Jane Jacobs style to planning in New Zealand. As described by the christchurch city council “ Share an idea was a conversation with our community to gather ideas on how they wanted their Central City redeveloped following the devastating February 2011 earthquake.”. The council consulted the citizens at the community level to allow them to offer insight into how they wanted their city to look and function. This provided opportunity for community engagement to ensure inclusivity and equity of decision making, as a way to harvest local engagement and knowledge. Creating a city that matters to the fundamental system that makes up its foundation - its people. This was an example fo consensus building planning. This is a tradionatl approach in New Zealand called Wanaga in regards to making decisions and building consensus. This is example is explained well by a quote from jane jacobs “Cities have the capability of providing something for everybody, only because, and only when, they are created by everybody”.
