policing

Question 1

social order

Answer 1

general conformity to the shared norms and values, so that society is peaceful and predictable

Question 2

social control

Answer 2

he processes by which people are persuaded to obey the rules and conform. The agencies of social control are institutions that serve to ensure conformity

Question 3

formal social control

Answer 3

carried out by the government, the armed forces and the Criminal
Justice System, including the police, the courts and the prison service.

Question 4

informal social control

Answer 4

carried out by agencies such as the education system, the family, the
peer group, the media and religion. We may be less aware of informal social control, but it is
arguably more important and more effective than formal social control.

Question 5

london riots 2011 - background info?

Answer 5

• in tottenham the rioting started by youngsters aggrivated about police persecution.
• mark duggan was shot dead by police officers, he was thought to have a firearm but there were allegations suggesting they planted it after he was shot

Question 6

how would marxists interpret the riotig, looting , arson of the london riots?

Answer 6

• Rioting is an expression of impotent rage
• W.C. deprived of a voice-the unorganised youth rise up to act on its own behalf
• Large numbers of black youths took to the streets-went on the rampage - Marxists would connect this to a high rate of unemployment among young
  people, reduction in living standards (imposed by Coalition gov)

Question 7

what did theresa may have to say about the police federation?

Answer 7

• critised officers for “ excessive stop and searches inflicted on black communities”

Question 8

Theresa mays speech impact?

Answer 8

• 2014- 2015 541, 000 stop and search in eng and wales - 40% fall compared with previous year.
• over same period arrests resulting from stop and searches fell by 31%

Question 9

box 1983 - police brutality

Answer 9

• argues that homicides in police custody are not random.
• states that they are not evenly distributed and are more likely for those who are “ethnically marginalised, politically radical or economically repressed.”

Question 10

homocides in police custody - figures

Answer 10

• been around 1,500 deaths in police custody since 1990 and around one third of those were black and minority ethnic backgrounds

Question 11

what is sectioning?

Answer 11

• when a person can be detained under the mental health act 1983 and treated without their agreement

Question 12

what is operation trident

Answer 12

• part of met police
• set up for the black community
• investigates black on black gun and homicides
• disproportionally affects African Caribbean community in London
• established after a series of shootings.

Question 13

how does operation trident operate?

Answer 13

• uses gun amnesties
• adverts encouraging people to phone crime stoppers
• recently changed to deal with all gun related crime and not just black o black gun crime.

Question 14

what is racial profiling

Answer 14

Racial profiling is the act of suspecting or targeting a person of a certain race on the basis of observed or assumed characteristics or behaviour of a racial or ethnic group, rather than on individual suspicion.

Racial profiling, however, isn’t limited only to an individual’s race, but can also be based on the individual’s ethnicity, religion, or national origin

Question 15

rebekah delsol

Answer 15

many officers are unaware of the degree to which ethnic stereotypes drive their subjective decision making - quote from rebekah

Question 16

what are the issues with racial profiling

Answer 16

• Discriminates against ethnic minorities unfairly-racist
• Negatively labels them as criminals
• Demonises entire groups of people
• Reinforces cultural stereotypes/myths about certain ethnicities
• Causes friction/lack of rapport between some communities and the police
• Race gap in the UK:

Question 17

what is canteen culture?

Answer 17

The alleged
clannishness of the
police force, whereby
the prevalent attitudes
inhibit officers from
reporting or speaking
out against malpractice,
racism, etc.

Question 18

canteen culture quotes

Answer 18

• black constable said he finds more racism in the force than hes ever seen in his whole life - accepts or he cant do the job

Question 19

what did former northumbria police chief say about the police?

Answer 19

called it a “sexist, money-grabbing” “boys club”
- says she has a fear for female victims of crime and for female officers within the force.

Question 20

what was operation crystal?

Answer 20

• sue launched it during her time with Northumbria.
• came about after a HMIC report found the force was mistreating rape victims and in some cases no criming rape crimes.

Question 21

result of operation crystal?

Answer 21

• 50+ rape crimes being reinvestigated
• northumbria will never close a rape case again.
• 60 officers face misconduct investigations
• 2 faced gross misconduct

Question 22

andy sheldon - sexist banter

Answer 22

• ## found guilty of misconduct - told fellow officers canidates would only be successful if they had big tits and wouldnt get the job if they were “ugly munters”

Question 23

when did the first female officer join the met?

Answer 23

1919

Question 24

what were sir nevil macready views on having women in the police force?

Answer 24

• he insisted that he did not want any “vinegary spinsters” or “blighted middle-aged factors fanatics” in its ranks

Question 25

what challenges did the first female officers face?

Answer 25

• they weren’t allowed on patrol alone.
• faced not only danger from crooks and theives but also ridicule from the public.

Question 26

what special role were women eventually justifed in terms of their policing duties?

Answer 26

dealing with woman and children
- took on patrol work, escort duty and hospital duty