Policies

Question 1

When were the Six Articles Introduced and what were they?

Answer 1

1539

• Henry’s response to the Prot drift in the Ten Articles & other moves since 1534 (& an unpublished consultation document called the Thirteen Articles drawn up by Cranmer in 1538)
• Eucharist: not only taught transubstantiation, but a more extreme Cath form of it that the bread & wine became the ‘historic’ body of Jesus, not the ‘current’ body. Oppositng the idea of transubstantiation was treason & therefore carried the death penalty. But agreed to communion in both kinds (both bread & wine) by lay people (a more Prot idea).
• Supported private Masses & the hearing of confessions by priests. Banned married priests
• Henry certainly played a role in formulating the document e.g.personally annotated draft bill before presented to parliament.
• Prot leaning bishops like Hugh Latimer resigned

Question 2

When was the Tyndale’s English Bible burnt and why?

Answer 2

1530 - represented a heretical attack on Catholicism

Question 3

When was the Bishop’s book and what was it?

Answer 3

1537

• Reaffirmed the Prot direction shown by the Ten Articles
• But the four ‘lost’ sacraments were rediscovered - but found to be of lesser value
• Value of priests understated, purgatory not clearly supported, Mass glossed over & no discussion of transubstantiation

Question 4

When was Matthew’s Bible and what was it

Answer 4

1537

• Prot styled interim bible, created from the work of three other translators (including Tyndale) & funded by Cromwell
• Compulsory for all churches to own a Bible in accordance with Cromwell’s Injunctions

Question 5

When was the Great Bible introduced and what was it?

Answer 5

1539

• First authorised fully translated English bible - byMyles Coverdale. Used Tyndale’s work, except ‘objectionable’ bits
• Later considered insufficient as translated from various languages / other Bibles

Question 6

When was the Act of Supremacy

Answer 6

1534

• Henry declared Supreme Head.
• Marked the formal separation of English Church from Rome
• Supported by the Treason Act which made it treason to deny the supremacy in act or words

Question 7

When was the Act for advancement of of the True religion and when was it?

Answer 7

1543
Restricts reading of the bible to upper class men. Later clause added to allow gentlewomen to read the bible alone
Repealed under Edward in 1547

Question 8

When was the Ten Articles and what were they

Answer 8

1536
- Mix of moderate Lutheran & Cath ideas
Eucharist: Christ’s physical presence mentioned & associated with the bread & wine, but transubstantiation not specifically mentioned. Nevertheless mainly Catholic standpoint on the Eucharist
- Rejected the 7 Cath sacraments, instead accepting only 3 (baptism, the Eucharist & penance). Opposed pilgrimages

Question 9

When was the King’s Book (a doctrine of the Christian man introduced) and what was it?

Answer 9

1543
- Henry’s own personal input into the doctrinal debate. Revised version of the 1537 Bishop’s Book
Reenforced the Cath swing seen with the Six Articles
Eucharist: clearly expresses the idea of transubstantiation, but doesn’t use that word. Seems to return the thinking back to the trad Cath viewpoint, from the more radically Cath Six Articles position
However attacked images and encouraged preaching (more Prot steps)